Question

In a reaction that involves an equilibrium, there are various ways to take advantage of Le Chatalier’s principle to maximize product formation. In this Fischer esterification reaction, what method did we use to maximize conversion to ester.

Answer 1

Le Chatelier's Principle basicaly states that the equilibrium is restored when one side of reaction is disturbed in forms of changing concentration,pressure etc by consuming the extra amount .

for example :When the moles of a reactant is increased, the equilibrium shifts to use up the increased amount of reactant, thereby producing more product. Decreasing the moles of a product by removing it from the equilibrium

The equation for a Fischer esterification is

RCOOH + R'OH⇌RCOOR'+H2O

Here to maximize the product formation ,it can be done by

1.Adding an excess reactant(s) (or)

2.Removing one of the product(s)

reactant must be choosen such that it is cheaper in cost and can be added in excess form ,there by equiliibrium is disturbed and more product is formed. Alcohol is usually used in excess as a reaction solvent.

or ,water can be removed as it is formed in the reaction ,ester and water are insoluble in nature.

water can be removed by using Dean-Stark trap where it is collected to prevent it to go to the reaction mixture