Question

Bonus points! Provide evidence for your argument by giving the following: 1. How many energy containing molecules are required in the Calvin cycle to produce 1 molecule of glucose 2. How much energy can be extracted from 1 molecule of glucose under aerobic conditions:

BIOLOGY PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Answer 1

1, The Calvin cycle uses 18 molecules of ATP and 12 molecules of NADPH as energy source to produce one molecule of glucose,

The calvin cycle is the light independent reaction of photosynthesis process which converts CO₂ and other compounds to glucose.For every three CO₂ molecule that enter the Calvin cycle six G3P molecules(each containing 3 carbon atoms) are produced among them 5 are used to produce RuBP and the last one used to synthesize glucose.For this this process 9 molecule of ATP and 6 molecule of NADPH are used so for the formation of glucose that contain 6 carbon atoms 18 ATP and 12 NADPH are required.

3 molecules CO2 Stage 1: Carbon fixation CH20- C=O CHOH снОН CH20- 3 molecules RuBP rubisco çoo- CHOH CH20- 6 molecules 3-PGA 3 ADP 6 ATP 3 ATP Calvin Cycle 6 ADP 2P: + Stage 3: Regeneration of starting molecule Stage 2: Reduction 5 molecules G3P СНО CHOH CH20- 6 molecules G3P 6 NADPH → 6 NADP+ +6 P; | 1 molecule G3P| 1/2 molecule glucose (C6H1206)

2. during cellular respiration or in aerobic condition around 36 to 38 molecule of ATP is extracted from one molecule of glucose.

| NUMBER OF ATP STAGE Glycolysis SOURCE Direct 2 NADH Pyruvate Oxidation 2 NADH 16 Citric Acid Cycle Direct 6 NADH 2 FADH, 18 Total 38