Question

ns Reset Help fat-soluble vitamins vitamin A 1. The are not involved as coenzymes. But they are still essential in our diet, and they are involved in important processes such as vision, bone formation, protection from oxidation, and blood clotting. vitamin C water-soluble vitamins is absorbed from some foods like carrots in the form of carotene. The vitamin accumulates in the rods and cones of the eyes and plays a role in vision folic acid is a vitamin that is used in reactions that transfer single carbon units. The vitamin also helps reduce the risk of birth defects such as spina bifida and cleft lip. Women of child-bearing age should consume the recommended amount of this vitamin is involved in the formation of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, which are important amino acids and part of the collagen that forms the connective tissues. Lack of this vitamin causes scurvy, which can be prevented with citrus and other fruits. 5. The act as coenzymes in the body. They do not stay bonded to only one enzyme. but are used over and over again by different enzymes Type here to search 1 &

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Fat soluble vitamins
2. Vitamin A
3. Folic acid
4. Vitamin C
5. Water soluble vitamins

Rationale:

Vitamins are the organic molecules which are essential for our body in order to perform cellular functions.Generally vitamins are not secreted by the human body thus they are supplied through the diet.Based on their solubility they are classified as

• Fat soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K)
• Water soluble vitamins (vitamin B complex and C)

Q1) Fat soluble vitamins are isoprenoid compounds ,which are released ,absorbed and transported with the help of fat in the diet.They usually do not have coenzyme activity.In which each vitamins perform specific function.

• Vitamin A- It is a isoprenoid alcohol which is highly essential for vision,growth and reproduction.
• Vitamin D -Also called as cholecalciferol,calciol formed via UV from the sunlight in the skin,essential for bone formation
• Vitamin E - It consist of tocopherol component,it act as a antioxidant (preventing oxidation of free radicals and molecular oxygen)
• Vitamin K - Main function is to clot the blood.

Q2) Beta carotene is one of the precursor of Vitamin A,they are highly present in carrot,tomatoes,sweet potatoes,apricots,red peppers ,etc..which are readily cleaved in the intestine to yield vitamin A molecule(Retinol).Further oxidation of this Retinol forms Retinal (component that highly present in Rods and cone cells of the eye for better vision)

Q3) Folic acid (vitamin B9) is made up of Pterin ring which is attached with para aminobenzoic acid.Folicacid plays important role in transfer of single carbon unit to all oxidation level of carbon dioxide.This is usually given to pregnant women during pregnancy in order to prevent birth defects ( spinal bifidia,cleft lip ) and also to enhance the growth of the developing babies.

Q4) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) is a strong reducing agent.Vitamin C plays major role in hydroxylation reaction (through which hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine are formed).Vitamin C act as cofactors in variety of biological function and involved in wound healing,collagen synthesis.Deficiency of Vitamin C leads to Scurvy which leads to weakness, gum disease,low amount of red blood cells.

Q5)Water soluble vitamins play major role in cell metabolisms and they act as coenzyme in the body.

Vitamins    Coenzyme (function)

• Thiamine(B1) Thiamine pyrophosphate (Decarboxylation)

• Riboflavin(B2) FAD&FMN (Redox reaction)

• Niacin (B3) NAD&NADP (Redox reaction)

• Panthothenic acid (B5)   Coenzyme A (acyl group transfer)

• Pyridoxine(B6) Pyridoxal phosphate (amino group transfer)

• Biotin Biocytin (carboxylation)

• Folic acid   Tetrahydrofolic acid (one carbon group transfer)

• vitamin B12    Deoxyadenosylcobalamin (intramolecular rearrangement)

Hope this helps you to resolve your doubts:)