The costs of altruism(disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others) are either neutralized by kinship or by the prospects of a reciprocally altruistic relationship. As well as this theoretical perspective works, it largely fails to account for the virtual absence among social vertebrates of reciprocal altruism and spite. consideration of proximate and ultimate factors leads to the prediction that reciprocity and spite (both genetic and psychological) should be rare or absent in non-human animal populations.
In particular, non-human animals do not live in the kinds of societies that would create strong pressure on individuals to require reciprocity to obtain help given that the density of kin is high, and thus, the probability of interacting with them is high as well; in other words, individuals can rely on their kin in times of need. Similar, ultimate level arguments apply to spite. That is, in most cases where an individual does something to impose costs on another, the underlying motivation for such behaviour is selfish. Given that there are many other ways other than spite to increase one's relative fitness, the costs of spite will very rarely be favoured.
Question 16 Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 Flag question Spite is rare among non-human...
Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 p Flag question Spite is rare among non-human animals. Using the economics of territories, explain why this should be so. 1 A BID ! != fro
rapage=15 mur Question 16 wered Starked out of 10.00 Spite is rare among non-human animals. Using the economics of territories, explain why this should be so I 1 A, B I D :
Question 1 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 P Flag question In a New Zealand snail species, both sexual and asexual populations can be found in the same geographic region. Which hypothesis best explained why this occurs? Select one: a, environmental unpredictability hypothesis b. red queen hypothesis c. multiple niche hypothesis d. All of the above Question 9 Not yet answered Marked out of 1.00 P Flag question Because eggs take more energy investment and are more rare compared...
Question 3 Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 Flag question ABST is described by the following data structure (87, 24, 42, 7, 32, 40, 42, 2, nil nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, 120). Write the necessary steps to remove the value 37 from the BST, and provide a snapshot of the artay at each step. Purwoh - BT -
Question 17 Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 Flag question Geese make nests on the ground and sometimes their eggs fall out of the nest. When this happens, they attempt to roll the eggs back into the nest using their bills. When you steal an egg from a goose, and give it a choice of its own egg or a baseball, the goose ignores its egg and tries to roll the baseball into the nest. Given a choice of...
Question 3 Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 P Flag question You are given that, for the (3, 3)-matrix A below, det(A) A = a r [x b s y c t z Then det ((1-5. A)*)* . (4-472) = Save Progr ss Previous page Next page Jump to... Answer Entry Help
Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 Flag question Geese make nests on the ground and sometimes their eggs fall out of the nest. When this happens, they attempt to roll the eggs back into the nest using their bills. When you steal an egg from a goose, and give it a choice of its own egg or a baseball, the goose ignores its egg and tries to roll the baseball into the nest. Given a choice of a baseball...
matlab code Question : Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 Flag question Build a MATLAB program that asks the user to enter a string which is composed of an English sentence that has at least 5 words. Your task is to build a function that counts and displays the number of words inside the sentence. Additionally, you need to build another function that displays the whole sentence in reverse order without using the bulk in function reverse Paragraph в...
QUESTION 16 Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 A missile defense system is intended to kill any incoming missiles directed at a country. The missile defense system has a successful- kill probability of 0.801 per attempt by the system. Assume that the attempts are independent, A) What is the probability that the kill will occur on the first attempt? P Flag question Answer Format##***** B) What is the probability that the kill will occur on the first OR second...
Question 5 Not yet answered Marked out of 4.00 Flag question A photomenotaxis would describe a behavior in which an animal moves Select one: a by turning toward or away from a light source b. at a fixed angle relative to a light source c. straight toward a source of light d. by changing its rate of turning when it encounters a high light environment e. in an undirected way to search for cues from a light source Previous page...