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3. Based on your results, how does light intensity effect photosynthesis? 4. Plants use photosynthesis to make for the plant.
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3. Sunlight provides the energy source required for the photolysis of water. Light is rarely a limiting factor under natural conditions except for sciophytes. Light saturation occurs at 10% of full sunlight. Excess light causes solarization (Photooxidative damage of pigments). Accessory pigments protect the reaction center in the photosystem to a certain extent.

See the graph for the effect of light on photosynthesis.

Light saturation point Solarization point Photosynthetic activity Light intensity

Photosynthetic activity is maximum in red and blue regions of the visible spectrum. Photosynthetic activity is minimum at green wavelengths.

4. Plants use photosynthesis to make carbohydrate
Products of photosynthesis = Carbohydrate, oxygen, and water

5. Substrates of photosynthesis:
i. CO2
ii. H2O
Photosynthesis involves reduction of CO2 to carbohydrates.
It utilizes light energy captured by photosynthetic pigments.

6. Substrates of photosynthesis:
i. CO2 = Plants are photoautotrophs i.e. they obtain their carbon from atmospheric CO2 through stomata.
ii. H2O = Water is the ultimate donor of electrons in photosynthesis. Plants absorb water from the soil through roots

7. Site of photosynthesis in plants = Chloroplast
Light-dependent reactions occur in thylakoid membranes.
Light independent reactions occur in stroma.

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