Question

Question 1: Draw, label, and explain the anatomical and physiological differences between a multipolar, bipolar and unipolar neuron. Be sure to include soma, axon, and dendrite(s) in your explanation image. Question 2: Explain what is occurring in this graph: +30 mV E mv 23 K Nat Nat kt Sodium gates dose Nat Nat Potassium gates open Depolarization Active sodium and potassium pumps Nyt 10 -55 mySeteteshold Repolarization Rest potential -70 myStimulus NS (1 Not Na+ K+ -90 mV Hyperpolarization

Answer 1

ANS (3)- (a) ACETYLCHOLINE--->It is an neurotransmitter(chemical messangers) that is released by nerve cells in order to transmit the signals to other cells(eg-muscle cells, glands cells and other neurons) of a body for the maintainance of proper functioning of them.

Neurotransmitter--.>these are the type of chemicals that involves in transmitting the signals from (nerve) one cell to another(nerve,muscle etc.).

• Acetylcholine is an organic chemicals, stored in the vesicles at the of cholinergic neurons(present in basal forebrain).

IMPORTANCE OF ACETYLCHOLINE-

• Acetylcholine plays a key role in cognitive functions (mental behavious that allows to carry out the tasks).
• It allows muscle contraction and and activates pain responses and causes regulation of endocrine and REM(Raid eye movement) sleep functions.
• It is important in proper human body functioning such as memory ,learning, motivation and attentioning a body.
• Deficiency of acetlycholine leads to muscle weakness.

(b) DOPAMINE--->It is also a neurotransmitter and organic chemical that works as a harmone, involved in proper functioning of a body and brain. by transmitting the signals between nerve cell of a brain.

IMPORTANCE OF DOPAMINE

• Dopamine plays an importance role in influencing the human behavior; examples- Body releases the dopamine while pleasure experiances such as  doing sexual activities, eating satisfying food and taking drugs.
• It is also responsible for controling the behaviour, emotion and cognitions; example-it helps in motivation to work towards achieving a reward.
• Other than this dopamine also play's a key role in executive functions,motor control,motivation,reinforcement.

(c) SEROTONIN--> It is neurotransmitter known as a happy chemical, because it involves in happiness and wellbeing of body.

site of occurance- brain, bowles and blood plateletes.

IMPORTANCE OF SEROTONIN

• It regulates movement of bowel in the gastro interstinal tract.
• it is having a relation with mood control.
• Helps in regulation of sleep ,memory learning ,behaviour,cardiovascular functioning and harmone balance, appetite and also in digestion.
• Melatonin harmone(regulate sleep- wake cycle) is derived from serotonin.
• Sufficient amount of serotonin leads to --> emotion stability, aggression reduction, proper sleep cycle,sensory input and proper control on appetite.

(d) ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE--->It is an enzyme responsible for the inactivation of acetylcholine.results in reduce communcication between nerve cells(neurosn).Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyses the acetylcholine into choline and acetate.

site of occurance -it is found at the neuromuscular junction.

IMPORTANCE OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE-

• If acetylcholinesterase is reduce in body than acetylcholine brakedown is reduced and that ultimately leads to ''jam''in the nervous system caused by acetycholine.
• if acetylcholinesterase is not able to brakedown or hydroyse the acetylcholine, the muscles will move uncontrollably.