Question

5. Water was collected and tested from two river sites. One site is upstream from an abandoned mine, the other downstream. The results from the lab, however, were mixed up. Mark or highlight each test result that corresponds to the downstream or upstream site. Abandoned Mine Upstream Stream Downstream 6 pH SO4 (mg/L) Fe (mg L.) Color Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Collected Insect Larvae Test Results 6.5 3.1 1300 1 9 0. 5 7 None (Clear) Orange 4.5 0.2 2 3 0 What is the name for the water that percolates through an abandoned mine like this, then runs off into a nearby waterway? 6. Coal deposits are in places that were shallow seas forests deserts grasslands ] millions of years ago 7. Oil deposits are in places that were ( shallow seas forests deserts grasslands ) millions of years ago.

Answer 1

5. The liquid which passes through a mining site, industry or any matter or its substances and extracts the solid soluble substances or matter through which it has passed is called as "leachate." As from the above question and data after interpretation we can conclude that after percolating though the abandoned mine the soluble mineral contents in the downward stream of the water has been increased as compare to the upstream of water. Because the water has extract the soluble substances like Iron from the abandoned mine and hence changing the Ph (which has decreased making the water more acidic and unfavourable for use), dissolved oxygen content (decreased and making the water impossible for the survival of aquatic creatures in the water) and also the color of water. All these along with the increased number of insect larvae is indicating the toxicity level of water. Hence we can also called the water of the downstream of river as toxic or polluted water too. But the liquid which extracts the soluble matters through which it passes is called as "leachate" and we can use this term here for the water too.

6. Coal deposits are in places that were forests millions of years ago.

About 300 millions years ago the dense forest lying on wet land areas were get destructed due to some natural phenomenons like landscape, flood, earthquake etc. Year after year soil was getting deposited over them and the burried trees were going down deeper and deeper increasing the temperature over the trees. Hence under high temperature and high pressure the burried trees?wood were got compressed and converted into coal. As Carbon is the main constituent of the coal hence the process of conversation of wood/tress/forest/dead vegetation is known as carbonisatiion.

7. Oil deposits are in places that were shallow seas millions of years ago.

When the organisms living in the sea die they settles down into the bottom of the sea, over which the mud and sand are getting deposited in layers slowly. Hence in the absence of air and under high temperature and pressure these dead organisms are converted into petroleum (oil deposits) and natural gas.

N.B. The fundamental process of formation of coal and oil deposit is similar the only difference is, coal is formed from the wood/trees while the oil deposit is formed from the sea animals/organisms.