Homework Answers
9. The name BRCA is an abbreviation for “BReast CAncer gene.” BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two different genes that have been found to impact a person’s chances of developing breast cancer.
10.The BRCA1 gene belongs to a class of genes known as tumor suppressor genes.
11.The BRCA1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that acts as a tumor suppressor. Tumor suppressor proteins help prevent cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. The BRCA1 protein is involved in repairing damaged DNA.
12. Each cell will have one wild-type BRAC1 copy and one mutant BRAC1 copy.
13. Some people have better cell regulating mechanism than other because DNA differs from person to person and damage can be less in some people and can be more damaged in others.
14. If there is a mutation in the BRAC1 gene, it may no longer be effective at repairing broken DNA and helping to prevent breast cancer.
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9. What is BRCA1? 0.5 pt 10. What class of genes does BRCA1 belong to? 0.5...
9. One of the great discoveries of biology is that organisms have a class of genes...
9. One of the great discoveries of biology is that organisms have a class of genes called "regulatory genes," whose only job is to regu. late the activity of other genes. How many genes does the typical regulatory gene regu- late? A study of interaction networks in yeast (S. cerevesiae) came up with the following data for 109 regulatory genes (Guelzim et al. 2002). Number of genes regulated Frequency 20 10 8 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18...
1. Why is there excess phosphorous in the environment? 0.5 pt 2. What is Eutrophication? 1...
1. Why is there excess phosphorous in the environment? 0.5 pt 2. What is Eutrophication? 1 pt 3. What is the cause of the murky waters along the Florida coastline, and how does this affect the local economy? 0.5 pt 4. Pigs are naturally unable to break down phosphorous. What is different in the Enviropig that allows it to break down phosphorous? What is the enzyme? 0.5 pt 5. Is this gene knocked-in or knocked-out? 1 pt
please answer all the question to get a like. Part III Dr. Hernandez sits down with...
please answer all the question to get a like. Part III Dr. Hernandez sits down with Ann and her partner. The doctor is sorry to report that Ann has breast cancer; however, because it was caught early and responds to estrogen and progesterone, the prognosis is good. At this point it looks like the cancer is stage 1. However, as Ann is young, the doctor wants to perform a couple of tests. The first test is a genetic sequencing test...
3. What kinds of genes are mutated in cancerous cells 4. About how many mutations does...
3. What kinds of genes are mutated in cancerous cells 4. About how many mutations does a typical cell suffer before it becomes cancerous? 5. How do genes get mutated? 6. How can cancer be hereditary? 7. What are the four categories of harm cancer can cause? Are all tumors cancerous? What particular quality must a tumor have to be considered 8. cancerous? 9. Which three cancers have especially effective screening exams? 10. What are the three treatment modalities for...
1. Damaged DNA is discovered during the G1 checkpoint. How does p53 react, and what are...
1. Damaged DNA is discovered during the G1 checkpoint. How does p53 react, and what are the possible results? 2. If S phase checkpoints detect nucleotides deficit, what happens to the dividing cell and the cell cycle? 3. What three conditions may be detected during the G2 checkpoints, and what are the two possible results if there is inadequate DNA or spindle fibers? 4. What two conditions are checked during the metaphase checkpoint? What happens if the cell “passes” the...
Actice: Mutations - A -P--I--3--H--N--R--6--8- --11--11-- - ----- CGI GATTIOTITATITCATCCARAGATCTGGGC ATGACHATAGCTATCTACH --6-- -F-- - --5--5--K -3...
Actice: Mutations - A -P--I--3--H--N--R--6--8- --11--11-- - ----- CGI GATTIOTITATITCATCCARAGATCTGGGC ATGACHATAGCTATCTACH --6-- -F-- - --5--5--K -3 -4--G-- ----y--5--4--1--0 -- -- SOBOTACECCO THACACOLAGACICITITCAAGACTACATTAASTCCTATTTGGAACAAGCGAC CG 3 -D-P-- -- -- - -- -- --I--K -3-wY--1-- --0-- --3--2 MES CATCH.CCTCRIGGST SELCATOGICCITGGGGCCGCGADGGLAGGCGCSGTCC CACHGCOCTOCT 3GC --3-- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- 173 W 179 AGGCT GTGAGTT AGTIGCTGIGTCGI CACAAGAGAAAGCAGCTCCTGAAGAARSCAGOGI -s--1 -1 - 6 -R- -11--1--2--3--0--I -F - 6--6--8--0--p RTCCTCATCCAGAAGAGGA TACCACAGCHET 13 -1 1 -- --3--R-- -- - BAGGATACCACAGTGTATORGAGCCWT TATAA........ -- -- -- - -...
Question 6 1 pts You compare the genomes of two related species. You find that genes...
Question 6 1 pts You compare the genomes of two related species. You find that genes that regulate developmental processes (the ones that shape how the body forms) exhibit a lot of non-synonymous substitutions, while genes involved in basic cell function exhibit more synonymous substitutions. What does this indicate? The developmental regulation genes have undergone positive selection for changes in function, while the basic cell function genes have undergone purifying selection The developmental regulation genes have undergone purifying selection, while...
Please, need help with this problem ! ( Cell Biology ) Thank You Problem 9 -...
Please, need help with this problem ! ( Cell Biology )
Thank You
Problem 9 - Panoptes In Ancient Greek mythology, the giant Argus was attributed the nickname "Panoptes" ("all seeing") because he had 100 eyes spread all over his head and body. And our friend Argus Panoptes, herem is afflicted with ubiquitous expression of the eyeless gene Aristotle and molecular biology Nowadays, researchers induce mutations in animal models to better understand mutations in humans In fruit flies, a genetic...
1. At the molecular level, what drives B cell development in the bone marrow? 2. What...
1. At the molecular level, what drives B cell development in the bone marrow? 2. What is the role of stromal cells in B cell development in the bone marrow? 3. Describe the sequence of events in B cell development with respect to rearrangement of heavy and light chain Ig genes. 4. Why does Ig gene rearrangement often fail to produce a functional protein product? What mechanisms exist to overcome this problem? 5. What is “allelic exclusion” and what is...
In Drosophila (fruit flies) the genes how, dumpy and ebony are located on chromosome 3. LOF...
In Drosophila (fruit flies) the genes how, dumpy and ebony are located on chromosome 3. LOF = loss of function. Flies homozygous for a LOF mutation (no gene product made) in ebony have dark black bodies. Flies homozygous for a LOF mutation (no gene product made) in dumpy have truncated (short) wings. Flies homozygous for a partial LOF mutation (some gene product made but significantly less than normal) in how have wings that will not fold down (held out wings;...
9. One of the great discoveries of biology is that organisms have a class of genes called "regulatory genes," whose only job is to regu. late the activity of other genes. How many genes does the typical regulatory gene regu- late? A study of interaction networks in yeast (S. cerevesiae) came up with the following data for 109 regulatory genes (Guelzim et al. 2002). Number of genes regulated Frequency 20 10 8 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18...
1. Why is there excess phosphorous in the environment? 0.5 pt 2. What is Eutrophication? 1 pt 3. What is the cause of the murky waters along the Florida coastline, and how does this affect the local economy? 0.5 pt 4. Pigs are naturally unable to break down phosphorous. What is different in the Enviropig that allows it to break down phosphorous? What is the enzyme? 0.5 pt 5. Is this gene knocked-in or knocked-out? 1 pt
3. What kinds of genes are mutated in cancerous cells 4. About how many mutations does a typical cell suffer before it becomes cancerous? 5. How do genes get mutated? 6. How can cancer be hereditary? 7. What are the four categories of harm cancer can cause? Are all tumors cancerous? What particular quality must a tumor have to be considered 8. cancerous? 9. Which three cancers have especially effective screening exams? 10. What are the three treatment modalities for...
Actice: Mutations - A -P--I--3--H--N--R--6--8- --11--11-- - ----- CGI GATTIOTITATITCATCCARAGATCTGGGC ATGACHATAGCTATCTACH --6-- -F-- - --5--5--K -3 -4--G-- ----y--5--4--1--0 -- -- SOBOTACECCO THACACOLAGACICITITCAAGACTACATTAASTCCTATTTGGAACAAGCGAC CG 3 -D-P-- -- -- - -- -- --I--K -3-wY--1-- --0-- --3--2 MES CATCH.CCTCRIGGST SELCATOGICCITGGGGCCGCGADGGLAGGCGCSGTCC CACHGCOCTOCT 3GC --3-- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- 173 W 179 AGGCT GTGAGTT AGTIGCTGIGTCGI CACAAGAGAAAGCAGCTCCTGAAGAARSCAGOGI -s--1 -1 - 6 -R- -11--1--2--3--0--I -F - 6--6--8--0--p RTCCTCATCCAGAAGAGGA TACCACAGCHET 13 -1 1 -- --3--R-- -- - BAGGATACCACAGTGTATORGAGCCWT TATAA........ -- -- -- - -...
Question 6 1 pts You compare the genomes of two related species. You find that genes that regulate developmental processes (the ones that shape how the body forms) exhibit a lot of non-synonymous substitutions, while genes involved in basic cell function exhibit more synonymous substitutions. What does this indicate? The developmental regulation genes have undergone positive selection for changes in function, while the basic cell function genes have undergone purifying selection The developmental regulation genes have undergone purifying selection, while...
Please, need help with this problem ! ( Cell Biology )
Thank You
Problem 9 - Panoptes In Ancient Greek mythology, the giant Argus was attributed the nickname "Panoptes" ("all seeing") because he had 100 eyes spread all over his head and body. And our friend Argus Panoptes, herem is afflicted with ubiquitous expression of the eyeless gene Aristotle and molecular biology Nowadays, researchers induce mutations in animal models to better understand mutations in humans In fruit flies, a genetic...
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