Question

18. Think about the functions of muscular tissue there are 4). Come up with ONE word in each function that you can memorize (remember). Then see if you can write a mnemonic that spells something (or a saying) that will help you remember each of the functions. [This is not only an exercise is understanding the functions of muscular tissue, but also to help you learn how to study it.] 19. What is the difference between a direct and indirect attachment? What are the two types of indirect attachments? Describe the advantage of the rope-like arrangement in the tendon. 20. Name the components of a "triad." 21. Make a chart comparing the differences between fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers. Use categories such as (color/characteristics, energy sources, advantages, function, examples, etc.)

Answer 1

18. The function of muscular tissue:

~Movement.

~Maintain posture and body position

~Heat production

~Guard orifices

~Support visceral organs

Mnemonic: My Man Has a Great Sense.

Properties:

~Contractility- The ability to shorten forcibly when stimulated.

~Elasticity- The ability to return to original position or shape after stretching.

~Excitability- The ability to receive and respond to chemical and electrical stimuli.

~Extensibility- The ability to be stretched.

Mnemonic: Can Emily Eat Eggplant?

19. Muscular attachment: Muscle attaches to the bone by fibrous connective tissues. It can be either direct or indirect attachment.

~Direct: In direct attachment, the connective tissue of muscle does not extend beyond the end of muscle but directly with the periosteum (periosteum is a membrane, covers the outer surface of the bones).

~Indirect: In indirect attachment, the connective tissue of muscle extends beyond the end of muscle as a rope-like a tendon or sheet-like aponeurosis. So, in this, it first attaches to the tendon and then to the bone.

Tendon: They are made up of connective tissue called collagen. They can be in different sizes and shapes. A flat thin tendon is also known as an aponeurosis. They help for a movement. They play a major role in anaerobic exercise because they don't require a lot of oxygen and have a limited blood supply.

20. Triad: It is the skeletal muscle structure composed by a T tubule with a sarcoplasmic reticulum called terminal cisterna. Its function is to store and release calcium for the initiation of muscle contraction.

21. Slow-twitch also called as type l muscle fibres.

~Contract slowly

~Use oxygen efficiently.

~Do not fatigue easily.

~Have a good blood supply

~More mitochondria are present.

~Deep red in colour.

~Aerobic respiration takes place.

~It burns glucose.

~Low amount of force for a long period of time.

~example: cycling and marathon.

Fast-twitch also called as type ll​ muscle fibres.

~Contract fastly

~Do not use oxygen to create energy.

~Fatigue occurs quickly.

~Have a poor blood supply.

~Few mitochondria are present.

~Pale in colour.

~Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration takes place.

~ It burns fat.

~High amount of force for a short period of time.

~example: sprinting race and pole vault.