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Part A Which enzymatic activity is primarily responsible for the proofreading step of DNA replication? hydrolytic editing tRN
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Answer #1

The option that you have marked i.e. 3' to 5' exonuclease activity is correct.

DNA Proofreading involves scanning the termini of nascent DNA chain for errors and correcting them before continuing chain extensions.This process is carried out by a 3' to 5' exonuclease activity that is built into DNA Polymerase.

As DNA polymerase has 2 sites :(i)Polymerisation site

(ii) Proofreading site.

When a template-primer DNA has a terminal mismatch i.e. an unpaired or incorrectly paired base or sequence of bases at 3' end of primer ,the 3' to 5' exonuclease activity of the DNA polymerase clips off the unpaired bases.When an appropriately base-paired terminus is produced,the 5' to 3' Polymerase activity of enzyme begins resynthesis by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of primer strand.

Proofreading remove only "recent errors" i.e. newly synthesized strand.

Hope this will help you...

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