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07. Name one reason why it is difficult to produce antibacterial agents to treat tuberculosis. 08. Besides mutation and chang

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7. Mycobacterium tuberculosis which causes tuberculosis in human being is difficult to treat because this bacterium also show has a dormant stage inside an infected individual which is very less susceptible to antibiotics. Antibiotics can kill active cells of mycobacterium but dormant stages cannot be killed. These dormant stages revive again and the infection develops again.

8. There are four ways of development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria -

a. Mutation

b. Change in protein structure

c. Horizontal gene transfer - this is the process by which antibiotic resistance genes can be transferred from one bacterium to the other, it takes place mainly by the process of conjugation through the formation of conjugation tube

d. Production of toxin - if the bacteria lives in an antibiotic rich medium, then it adapts itself to produce toxin which nullifies the effect of antibiotic

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