Question

7) Which of the following is likely to be the result of polygenic inheritance? A) freckles B) an extra finger Chuman height D) ABO blood type 8) Genetic drift is the result of A) natural selection l o olovo od B) chance lo l o boldog C) a large gene pool h o mbo D) environmental variation of 9) Gene flow is accomplished by A) migration B) sexual recombination C) mutation D) natural selection 10) What does evolutionary fitness measure A) physical health B) longevity WE C) relative reproductive success D) population size tomto ods stom ( 11) Which of the following is an example of directional selection? A) The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average weight of newborn humans are about the same. B) There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. C) There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dog. 000,00 D) Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened LIG 12) Which of the following is an example of disruptive selection? A) The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average weight of newborn humans are about the same. B) There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. C) There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dog. D) Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened. wololo 13) Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation? halal A) directional selection bavilo sa B) mutation donialville C) stabilizing selection D) diversifying selection

Answer 1

7) C) human height

• more than 50 different genes and 180 loci have been recognised as factors determining the human height.
• Mendelian genetics are not true in case of human height.

8) B) chance

• genetic drift is a phenomenon which is a result of chance alone in which there is a change in allele frequencies within the population, it may also result to very large changes in population over a short time period, all due to a chance phenomenon,

9) A) migration

• gene flow is the exchange of genes between two different population areas which may occur due to migration.
• this results in change of the genetic constitution of both, the parent and the new Population.

10) C) relative reproductive success

• according to Darwinian theory, fitness refers to reproductive fitness i.e. the capability of an organism to leave the number of progeny enough to sustain its survival.
• hence, evolutionary fitness measures the reproductive success.

11) B)

• directional selection refers to the phenomenon in which there is a directional change in the population towards a more favoured and adaptable population. Eg, Darwin’s finches.
• the appearance of more antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a clear example of this phenomenon.

12) C)

• disruptive selection is a phenomenon in which the intermediate species is not favoured whereas the extreme ends are favoured.
• ​​​​​​​hence, the different breeds of dogs are example of disruptive selection as there is a removal of the intermediate traits and the extremes are left as a new breed.

13) C) stabilising selection

• in this type, there is a decrease in genetic variation.
• in directional selection there is usually no effect on gene variation.
• in mutation and diversifying selection there is an increase in genetic variation.

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