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& Which of the following changes is a permanent mutation that can be passed down to the next generate A) a change in the DNA sequence B) a change in the mRNA sequence C) a change in the protein sequence D) all of these changes can be passed down to the next generation Cell. Chromosomes, & Cell Division 9. The following items are listed from the lowest to the highest level of organization: Atom; Molecule: Coll. What goes in the blank? C) system Dj proton E) organelle 10. Select the statement that describes prokaryotes A) They have membrane-bound organelles, e a nucleus B) Their DNA is usually divided up into multiple linear chromosomes. C) Your skin cells are prokaryotic cells D) They originated on Earth before eukaryotic cells E) They are typically multicellular organisms 11. Endurance to sometimes have more in their cells than the average person. This advantage helps them sustain high levels of ATP synthesis and energy for long periods of time. A) mitochondria B) endoplasmic reticulum C) ONA D) ribosomes E) cytoplasm 12. Which of the following is true about the cell membrano? A) It serves as the gate-keeper of cell controlling what goes in and out of a coll B) It can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryone calls C) It is a sold, norporous structure made up of proteins Dj Both A and B E) None of the above are true 13. In a factory, completed products that have to leave the factory are sent to a shipping department after production. There they are checked for quality and packed into boxes, which will carry them out of the factory. The shipping department of a factory represents which organele in a cel? A) Nucleus B) Mitochondria C) Golgi body D) Smooth ER 14. Our skin cells often divide to replace those that are lost due to injury or normal wear and tear. The process that replace these skin cells with new skin cells is A) RNA transcription B) protein translation C) meiosis D) mitosis attle (0) answer (2) y your style choices? Provide an example to explain your

Answer 1

8. (A) is the right answer . DNA is the genetic material that is passed down from generation to generation. Proteins and mRNA are not passed directly from generation to the next. DNA is the blueprint from which both mRNA and proteins are made.

9. (E) Organelle is the right answer.

As we move from lower to higher levels of organization this is what we would get : Atom: Molecule:Organelle: Cells:Tissues: Organs: Organ systems: Organism.

10. (D) is the right answer. According to evolutionary theory, prokaryotes evolved on the earth before eukaryotic organisms.

Prokaryotes do not have membrane bound organelles.

Our skin cells are eukaryotic.

Prokaryotic DNA is called a nucleoid -- its a single strand of DNA . They could have extra nuclear DNA called plasmids- circular DNA. Eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes.

Most prokaryotes are unicellular.

11. (A). Mitochondria could be present in more numbers -- in endurance athletes.

Mitochondria -- the powerhouse of the cells is responsible for ATP generation in cells. Hence having more mitochondria would help them in sustaining their enegy levels.

12. (D) Both A and B options are true.

Cell membranes are found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Although , prokaryotic cell membranes are much simpler and less complex.

The cell membrane is the gate keeper of the cell - controlling what goes in and out of the cell.

Cell membranes are mostly made up of hydrophobic lipid moieties -- not proteins.

13. (C) the golgi body .

The golgi body of the cell is the shipping department of the cell -- It is where most proteins are packaged and sorted to reach thier respective destinations (within the cell or for secretion).

The rough ER is mostly involved in translation of the protein -- by ribosomes in the rough ER.

Nucleus contains the genome (DNA) of the cell and The mitochondria is mostly involved in ATP (energy) generation.

14, (D) Mitosis is the process by which new cells divide to replace the worn out and dead cells of our skin. Mitosis is cell division taking place .

Meiosis results in gamete formation.

RNA transcription and protein translation are fundamental functions that most cells carry out -- but do not particularly result in new cells