Question

An athlete has been training for a marathon for many months. Theoretically, her cells would have

a. a larger nucleus

b. more mitochondria

c. more lysosomes

d. fewer ribosomes

Answer 1

An athelete that has been training for marathon for many months would have more Mitochondria.

Mitochondria -- these are double membrane organelle. It is commonly known as ENERGY CURRENCY OF CELL or POWER HOUSE OF CELL. It is called so due to its primary function of ATP synthesis. Energy in our body is stored in form of ATP. The ATP synthesis process like Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, ETC all occurs in Mitochondria producing ATP.

The number of Mitochondria in a cell depends upon the activity of cell or tissue or a body. Their number primarily depends upon the kind of work we perform; if we are not involved in physical works we have less number of Mitochondria than to those performing physical works. An athlete who has to run marathon, many meters would be active and to run required lots of energy. For this energy an athlete must have a lot ATP to be utilised at time of running. And to fulfill this need of ATP athelete gradually increase number of Mitochondria in its cells by working daily, eating healthy diet, practicing daily,etc.

Athletes have large number as well as size of Mitochondria as compared to normal person and because of this they are active and full of energy. The large number of Mitochondria in cell also help them prevent Fatigue. Fatigue is nothing but getting tired it occurs when our muscles lack supply of oxygen or simply ATP. .SO, the athelete will have more Mitochondria.

Answer is option B.

Other options are wrong as per their functions. Nucleus -- it is the control centre of cell which carries genetic information of an organism. So, it's size doesn't matter with athlete's energy.

Lysosome -- are also called sucidal bags. Their function is eat away the cells. They maintain balance in body by eating away the dead cells or extra cells. So they have no relation with energy of organism.

Ribosomes -- are the site if protein synthesis. Translation occurs in it. But they are not involved in ATP synthesis or storage. Hence, is not the answer.

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