Question

48. In all cells, glucose catabolism begins with a glycolysis. b. fermentation c. pyruvate oxidation. d. the citric acid cycle. e. chemiosmosis Questions 49-51 apply to the diagram below 49. The diagram above most likely represent metabolic processes occurring in the a Endoplasmic reticulum b. Mitochondria c. Chloroplast d Golgi apparatus e Lysosome 50. Under aerobic conditions "X" is most likely the molecule: a. Hydrogen peroxide b. Superoxide dismutase c. Oxygen d. Carbon dioxide c. Nitrate 51. The structure indicated by "Y" is most likely: a ATPase b. Peroxidase C. Enolase d. Ferridoxin c. ATP synthase

Answer 1

48.

In all cells , glucose catabolism begins with a. glycolysis.

Catabolism is the break down of macromolecules into smaller units. Glucose catabolism produces ATP as energy and CO₂ . It contains series of steps. Glycolysis is the first step of glucosemetabolism. End product of Glycolysis is Pyruvate . Pyruvate then converted into Acetyl CoA and enters kreb's cycle.

Glucose 1 Glycolysis Pyruvate Protein - fat Acetyl-CoA Citric Acideyele Election Transport system.

49.

The diagram represents Electron Transport Chain and ATP synthesis. This process occurs in the b. mitochondria.

50.

In aerobic conditions "X" is most likely the molecule  c. Oxygen (O₂).

51.

The structure indicated by "Y" is most likely e. ATP Synthase.

Electron transport chain consists of proteins embedded in inner mitochondrial matrix which helps in electron transport via series of redox (reduction and oxidation) reaction. Proton are also transferred across the membrane with electrons. This results in a change in electrochemical gradient which catalyzes the synthesis of ATP.

There are 5 proteins present in the mitochondrial inner membrane complex I - IV and F₀F₁ ATP synthase.

This four complexes transports electron and protons and creates an electrochemical gradient. This gradient used by ATP Synthase to create ATP by oxidative phosphorylation .

ATP synthase composed of three subunits a,b and c. It usually acts as a ion channel. protons get back to the matrix through this channel.

.HT 4 4+ HT Mitochondrial Innermembrane Space itt H' t A pace good boompi Phone ATPSynthase Eleefrony IN FADHZ FADI 214202 H2O NADT NADH Pow ADP+PPA TP Synthem Matrix