Question

DISCUSSION/REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. What symbiosis can you conclude may be present between organisms that go through cellular respiration and those that photosynthesize? 2. What are the key steps of glycolysis? What is the purpose? 3. Discuss the production of ATP during cell respiration. What stage makes the most? Why? 4. How does the electron transport chain contribute to both these processes?

Answer 1

1) What symbiosis can you conclude may be present between organisms that go through cellular respiration and those that photosynthesize? During cellular respiration, organisms uses O₂ and releases Co. This CO2 is used up by the plants for photosynthesis. plants takes up Coz and releases ₂ during photosynthesis. This O₂ is used up by organisms for respiration. In this way plants and animals help each, Other and helps to maintain O₂ balance co, and in the air.

2. What are the key steps of glycolysis? what is the puspose? Glycolysis is the breakdown of glicose into pyruvic acid. It is also called Emp pathway (Embden, Meyerhof and Parnas Pathway). It is the first phase of both aerobic and anaerobic respirations. The purpose of glycolysis is the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate is used in the next stage of cellular respiration.

Glucose ADP ATP) (Fexcokinase Glicose 6-phosphate I phospho gluco isomerase Fructose 6-phosphate ATP Phospho fructo kinases ADP Fructose 1, 6-diphosphate Holases Dihydrocy acetone phosphat al phospho triose, isomerase 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde

- připhogiya va dehyde Yae ATPE 1,3-diphosphoglyceraldehyde NA DOJ Phospho glycerol de tened op genase) VADH, 3. diphospho glyceric acid ADP) V (Phosphoglycerate kinase "3. Phospho glyceric acid v Phospho glycero mulase) 2-phospho glyceric acid v Enolase 2- phospho end pyruvic acid ATPR J Pyruvate kinase) Pyruvic acid. Glycolysis

3. Discuss the production of ATP a cell respiration. What stage makes the most? Why? The two main stages of aerobic respiration es glycolysis and citric acid cycle. o In glycolysis a-pyruvic acid and SATP molecules are produced. 1 Glucose yapA and 8 ATP. o During the aerobic oxidation of pyruvic acid a NADH molecules are. formed. INADH = 3 ATP. The net gain is 6ATP molecules , DH

. 3 NADH formed The PCL 3 During citric acid cycle IFADH2 and ATP are 3 NADH X 3 - 9 ATP CINADH =3 ATP) IFADH₂XQ = 2 ATP CIFADH2 = 2 ATP) I ATP The net gain is 12 ATP.

5). What are the two main phases of Photosynthesis? What are their edes? 6CO2 + 12 H₂o Lightenerques HigO6 + 6 Hoot | Robert Emerson Chlorophyll 602 6602 + 12 H chlorophyll 602 Robert Emerson and Arnold proposed that photosynthesis involver two phases. y photochemical phase (Light Reaction o It is the light dependent phase of photosynthesis ATP and NADH are formed in the presence of light. It takes place in the grana of chloroplast

2) Biosynthetic phase (Dark reaction) o It is the light-independent phase of photosynthesis. In this phase Cozi reduced to carbohydrate. It takesplace in the stroma of chloroplast

Glycolysis = 8 ATP Pyruvic acid to Acetyl CoA = 6ATP Citric acid cycle (12x2) = 24 ATP 38 ATP o Citric acid cycle produces most number of Alp because a citric acid cycle takes place due to one glucose molecule.