Homework Answers
Ans - Lactase, lactase
When lactose enters the small intestine it is quickly broken down by the enzyme called lactase. Only then can the separate building blocks of the lactose (glucose and galactose) be absorbed by the small intestine. If that happens quickly and completely, only a small amount of lactose or no lactose at all enters the large intestine (colon).
The digestive system
But if large amounts of lactose do enter the colon, they are broken down and converted by bacteria. This increases the production of gases, and more liquid passes into the large intestine. The colon can absorb some, but not all, of these extra gases and liquids. This is what causes flatulence (bloating and “wind”) and diarrhea.
The longer the lactose stays in the large intestine, the more it is broken down, which can cause discomfort. Some people may not have much lactase, but their large intestine works more efficiently. Then larger amounts of lactose are eliminated faster and don't cause too much trouble. The amount and type of bacteria in the large intestine (called intestinal flora) might play a role here.
What is in the food and the amount of time it stays in the stomach or the small intestine also affects the symptoms. Food that has high amounts of fat in it can slow down your digestion. Then the lactase has more time to break down the lactose, and the symptoms are often less severe as a result
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