Question

Chapter 7 1. What is the main source of energy for most living organisms? 2. What are the laws that gover the life and death of cells called? 3. Why is an organism's ability to exchange energy with its environment referred to as an open system? 4. What is entropy? 5. What is the second law of thermodynamics? Does the conversion of energy require the use of energy? 6. Define: a. Catabolism b. Anabolism c. Metabolism d. Exergonic e. Endergonic 7. What is enthalpy? 8. A reaction 10. Define: a. Potential energy c. Kinetic energy 11. ATP is often re called "energy currency of a cell", what is the form energy is stored in a moleculo of ATP? 12. What is phosphorylation? What are the three types of phosphorylation? 13. What is oxidation and reduction? What is the difference between the two? 14. What are co-enzymes? What are examples of organic and inorganic co-enzyme moecules? 15. Why is a FAD and cytochromes classified as hydrogen or electron acceptors? 16. Why are enzymes called catalysts? Enzymes are important biological catalyst because they do what to a chemical reaction? 17. Review the structure of an enzyme and know the parts of an enzyme? 18. What is induced fit in relation to the function of an enzyme? 19. What is function of the following enzymes? a. Sucrase b. Lipase c. Phosphatse d. Urease e. Kinase f. Lactase 20. What happens if one continues to increase the temperature in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the rate of the reaction? 22. What are inhibitors? What are the two types of inhibitors? What is the difference between the two?

Answer 1

Answer 1. Sun is the major source of energy for most of the organism. Producers, such as plants and algae, use energy from sunlight to make food energy by combining carbon dioxide and water to form organic matter. This process begins the flow of energy through almost all food webs.

Answer 2. Apoptosis also know as programmed cell death govern life and death of cell.

Answer 3. Because an open system is one in which energy can be transferred between the system and its surroundings. Energy can enter the system in the form of sunlight and leave in the form of heat. A system with no inputs is called a closed system. And another with inputs is an open system. Since human being needs energy, water, minerals, etc. as inputs, human body is an open system.

Answer 4. Entropy is the measure of the amount of disorder in a system. Disorder refers to the number of different microscopic stage a system can be in, given that the system has particular fix composition, volume, energy, pressure and temperature. Microscopic state mean the exact state of all the molecule that making up the system.

Entropy = Boltzzman constant k * Logrithm of number of possible state.

            = Klog(N).