(a) Discuss the three ways that genetic material can be transferred among bacteria. (b)How is this achieved in eukaryotic cells?
1. There are three mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria: transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
Transformation: Bacterial transformation is a process of horizontal gene transfer by which some bacteria take up foreign genetic material (naked DNA) from the environment. The prerequisite for bacteria to undergo transformation is its ability to take up free, extracellular genetic material. Such bacteria are termed as competent cells.
Transduction: Transduction is the process by which a virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another. Later, when one of these bacteriophages infects a new host cell, this piece of bacterial DNA may be incorporated into the genome of the new host. There are two types of transduction: generalized and specialized.
Conjugation: Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells. The genetic information transferred is often beneficial to the recipient.
2. There are many methods for gene transfer. But most efficient is the Gene gun method. Microprojectile bombardment or gene gun is a method by which foreign substances such as DNA are introduced into living cells and tissues via high-velocity microprojectiles. Introduction.
(a) Discuss the three ways that genetic material can be transferred among bacteria. (b)How is this...
6. Name and discuss the three ways by which genetic recombination can occur in bacteria. Explain how they reproduce. Can bacteria of different genera exchange genetic material?
List, and briefly discuss, (1-2 sentences max for each) the THREE different ways bacterial cells can exchange genetic information.
Discuss reasons why bacteria divide at a much faster rate than plant and animal cells. (b) Discuss the process by which bacterial cells reproduce. (c) Discuss three methods of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms. (d) Give an example of each type of asexual reproduction in eukaryotes.
please help ways in which fungi are different than bacteria? (Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic DOESN'T about reproduction, nutrients, environmental conditions they can grow it, etc.) b) Why are 16. a) Explain two COUNT .Think nfections often harder to treat than bacterial infections? (Think about how similar human cells are to fungi and bacteria and how this determines possible treatments.) bacteria is uniellular is muth cellular.
1. Identify the basic shapes of bacteria and formation under the microscope. 2. Describe how bacteria are identified and named under the microscope. 3. Distinguish between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. 4. Explain the ways bacteria reproduce themselves. 5. Describe what makes prokaryotic cells different from eukaryotic cells. 6. Identify the internal and external structure of bacteria. 7. Define plasmids and how bacteria use them 8. Describe the 2 categories of bacteria found in the Moneran kingdom. 9. Bacterial...
1. When Griffiths performed his experiment to show that genetic material can be transferred from one bacterium to another, why did he use a living type IIR strain and a heat-killed type IIIS strain? What type of bacterium was recovered from the dead mice after the mixture of living type IIR and heat-killed type IIIS was injected? Also, specifically include a discussion on mutation versus transformation to change the characteristics of a bacterium. 2. Describe the process by which tRNAs...
How do bacteria cause disease? a. They release toxins that kill cells directly b. They insert their genetic material into host cells and use the host cell's organelles to reproduce c. They burst out of their host cells and cause their host cells to die d. Both a and b e. Both b and c
Explore the various ways that one can improve the credit score. Discuss three ways, explaining how it would work, how long before the expected improvement would show up on the credit report and how a person could change how he/she uses credit in the future.
1a.The mitochondria of eukaryotic cells likely evolved from bacteria because they share genetic similarity to proteobacteria they have undergone rapid mutagenesis they show signs of horizontal gene transfer they exhibit a similar structural composition 1b.What technique can be used to assess the phylogeny of most bacterial species? Cultivation in the laboratory b) Microscopy and physiology c) 16s and genome sequencing d) Environmental growth conditions Cultivation in the laboratory Microscopy and physiology...
Binary fission can be problematic for bacteria because A. it provides bacteria with very little genetic variation which negatively affects bacterial survival in the changing environment. B. it provides bacteria with too much genetic variation which negatively affects bacterial survival under stable environmental conditions. C .it provides bacteria with too much genetic variation which negatively affects bacterial survival in the changing environment. D .Binary fission is not problematic for bacteria.