Homework Answers
During the transport of molecule through the membrane against the voltage gradient the transporter is phosphorylated and ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP..
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Incorrect Question 4 0/1 pts How is the energy of ATP "utilized" or "transferred" in the...
1. When ATP is hydrolyzed in vitro (i.e. in a test tube) to form ADP and...
1. When ATP is hydrolyzed in vitro (i.e. in a test tube) to form ADP and inorganic phosphate, free energy is merely released as heat to the surroundings. In a cell this would be a wasteful use of energy and dangerous rising temperatures would lead to the denaturation of enzymes. How, then, do cells use the hydrolysis of ATP to perform cellular work? A complete response would include the following terms: energy coupling, endergonic/exergonic, phosphate transfer, and phosphorylated intermediate.
PART A Correctly order the steps 1-8 as they occur during the transport of glucose via...
PART A
Correctly order the steps 1-8 as they occur during the transport
of glucose via the phosphotransferase system (PTS):
HPr donates the phosphate group to enzyme IIA (EIIA);
phosphoenolpyruvate is produced as an intermediate of glycolysis;
EI donates the phosphate group to a histidine-rich protein (HPr);
as it enters the cell glucose is phosphorylated by EIIB;
phosphoenolpyruvate donates its high-energy phosphate group to
enzyme I (EI); EIIA passes its phosphate group to Enzyme IIB
(EIIB); glucose is transported across...
3. Summary of glycolysis Aa Aa E The removal of high-energy electrons from glucose begins with...
3. Summary of glycolysis Aa Aa E The removal of high-energy electrons from glucose begins with glycolysis. Glycolysis involves 10 reactions in which bonds are broken or rearranged. The key events of these 10 reactions are summarized in the diagram. Describe them by completing the blanks in the following sentences. Glucose Key Event 1: Chemical energy is invested. Key Event 2: High-energy electrons and protons are released from the bonds of organic molecules and transferred to 2 ADP + 2...
Which can power the active transport of a molecule? Choose all correct answers. The energy of...
Which can power the active transport of a molecule? Choose all correct answers. The energy of ATP hydrolysis. The energy released by a second (different) molecule moving from high concentration to low concentration. The inherent energy released by the molecule being transported moving from high concentration to low concentration Question 2 1 pts Which of the following types of membrane diffusion happens slower? Transverse diffusion Lateral diffusion
(a) For the following conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1...
(a) For the following conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1 mole of sodium ions from inside to outside the cell. Is work required or produced? Outside: [Na+] = 130 mM [K+] 5 mM Electrical potential = 0 mV [Na+]= [K 110 mM Electrical potential =-70 mV Temperature 25 °C Inside: 10 mM (b) For the same conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1 mole of potassium ions from outside...
QUESTION 8 Put the following statements about the light dependent reactions in order (1-4) Electrons that...
QUESTION 8 Put the following statements about the light dependent reactions in order (1-4) Electrons that leave PSI travel through a transport chain, which allows H+ to be actively transported to high concentration Light energy excites electrons of antenna pigment molecules at PSII (and PSI) Electrons are ultimately accepted by NADP+ (forming NADPH) and the H+ gradient pass through ATP synthase, allowing ATP to be produced Energy from excited electrons of antenna pigments is passed to the reaction center of...
3. (4 pts) Living organisms use energy from the metabolism of food to create an energy-rich...
3. (4 pts) Living organisms use energy from the metabolism of food to create an energy-rich molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP then acts as an energy source for a variety of reactions that in living organisms must carry out to survive. ATP provides energy through its hydrolysis, which can be symbolized as follows: ATP(aq) + H2O(l) → ADP(aq) + Pin(aq) &Gorun =-30.5 kJ where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate and Pm represents an inorganic phosphate group (e.g., HPO,). In...
7) Why do hydrolysis reactions occur more readily in solution than dehydration reactions? A) Hydrolysis reactions...
7) Why do hydrolysis reactions occur more readily in solution than dehydration reactions? A) Hydrolysis reactions increase G, or Gibbs free energy of the system, B) Hydrolysis reactions are endergonic and increase entropy of the system. C) Hydrolysis reactions are exergonic and decrease entropy of the system. D) Hydrolysis reactions are exergonic and increase entropy of the system. 8) How do cells use the ATP cycle illustrated in the figure? AAA W A) Cells use the cycle to recycle ADP...
Please help me with ALL of these questions. Thank you so much Question 13 0.4 pts...
Please help me with ALL of these questions. Thank you so
much
Question 13 0.4 pts For each two carbon molecule (i.e., acetyl) that enters the citric acid cycle, how many molecules of waste CO2 are produced? 0 0 0 0 0 3 Question 14 0.4 pts Which stage of respiration reduces the most electron carriers? citric acid cycle glycolysis acetyl-CoA synthesis Question 16 0.3 pts How is a Carbon atom oxidized during a redox reaction if it has the...
Question 1 2 pts How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?...
Question 1 2 pts How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? by decreasing the free-energy change of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme by binding to an allosteric site, thus changing the shape of the active site of the enzyme by binding to the active site of the enzyme, thus preventing binding of the normal substrate by binding to the substrate, thus changing its shape so that it no longer binds to the active site...
1. When ATP is hydrolyzed in vitro (i.e. in a test tube) to form ADP and inorganic phosphate, free energy is merely released as heat to the surroundings. In a cell this would be a wasteful use of energy and dangerous rising temperatures would lead to the denaturation of enzymes. How, then, do cells use the hydrolysis of ATP to perform cellular work? A complete response would include the following terms: energy coupling, endergonic/exergonic, phosphate transfer, and phosphorylated intermediate.
PART A
Correctly order the steps 1-8 as they occur during the transport
of glucose via the phosphotransferase system (PTS):
HPr donates the phosphate group to enzyme IIA (EIIA);
phosphoenolpyruvate is produced as an intermediate of glycolysis;
EI donates the phosphate group to a histidine-rich protein (HPr);
as it enters the cell glucose is phosphorylated by EIIB;
phosphoenolpyruvate donates its high-energy phosphate group to
enzyme I (EI); EIIA passes its phosphate group to Enzyme IIB
(EIIB); glucose is transported across...
3. Summary of glycolysis Aa Aa E The removal of high-energy electrons from glucose begins with glycolysis. Glycolysis involves 10 reactions in which bonds are broken or rearranged. The key events of these 10 reactions are summarized in the diagram. Describe them by completing the blanks in the following sentences. Glucose Key Event 1: Chemical energy is invested. Key Event 2: High-energy electrons and protons are released from the bonds of organic molecules and transferred to 2 ADP + 2...
Which can power the active transport of a molecule? Choose all correct answers. The energy of ATP hydrolysis. The energy released by a second (different) molecule moving from high concentration to low concentration. The inherent energy released by the molecule being transported moving from high concentration to low concentration Question 2 1 pts Which of the following types of membrane diffusion happens slower? Transverse diffusion Lateral diffusion
(a) For the following conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1 mole of sodium ions from inside to outside the cell. Is work required or produced? Outside: [Na+] = 130 mM [K+] 5 mM Electrical potential = 0 mV [Na+]= [K 110 mM Electrical potential =-70 mV Temperature 25 °C Inside: 10 mM (b) For the same conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1 mole of potassium ions from outside...
QUESTION 8 Put the following statements about the light dependent reactions in order (1-4) Electrons that leave PSI travel through a transport chain, which allows H+ to be actively transported to high concentration Light energy excites electrons of antenna pigment molecules at PSII (and PSI) Electrons are ultimately accepted by NADP+ (forming NADPH) and the H+ gradient pass through ATP synthase, allowing ATP to be produced Energy from excited electrons of antenna pigments is passed to the reaction center of...
3. (4 pts) Living organisms use energy from the metabolism of food to create an energy-rich molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP then acts as an energy source for a variety of reactions that in living organisms must carry out to survive. ATP provides energy through its hydrolysis, which can be symbolized as follows: ATP(aq) + H2O(l) → ADP(aq) + Pin(aq) &Gorun =-30.5 kJ where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate and Pm represents an inorganic phosphate group (e.g., HPO,). In...
7) Why do hydrolysis reactions occur more readily in solution than dehydration reactions? A) Hydrolysis reactions increase G, or Gibbs free energy of the system, B) Hydrolysis reactions are endergonic and increase entropy of the system. C) Hydrolysis reactions are exergonic and decrease entropy of the system. D) Hydrolysis reactions are exergonic and increase entropy of the system. 8) How do cells use the ATP cycle illustrated in the figure? AAA W A) Cells use the cycle to recycle ADP...
Please help me with ALL of these questions. Thank you so
much
Question 13 0.4 pts For each two carbon molecule (i.e., acetyl) that enters the citric acid cycle, how many molecules of waste CO2 are produced? 0 0 0 0 0 3 Question 14 0.4 pts Which stage of respiration reduces the most electron carriers? citric acid cycle glycolysis acetyl-CoA synthesis Question 16 0.3 pts How is a Carbon atom oxidized during a redox reaction if it has the...
Question 1 2 pts How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? by decreasing the free-energy change of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme by binding to an allosteric site, thus changing the shape of the active site of the enzyme by binding to the active site of the enzyme, thus preventing binding of the normal substrate by binding to the substrate, thus changing its shape so that it no longer binds to the active site...
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