Question

Which among A-D is false concerning reassortment of the influenza virus genome?

	A.	It results in antigenic drift
	B.	It can occur if two different influenza strains infect the same cell
	C.	It can lead to changes in the virus that allow it to avoid our immune system
	D.	It has led to prior influenza virus forms like H3N2 and H2N2
	E.	None of A-D is false; all are true statements.

Use the table of reduction potentials to answer the question.

Could a bacterium obtain energy using ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) as an electron donor and nitrate (NO₃^-) as a terminal electron acceptor?

	A.	Yes
	B.	No
	C.	Cannot be determined from the information given

Which of the following is not likely to favor an overall delta G value that is negative?

	A.	A molecule moving down its concentration gradient (i.e., high to low concentration)
	B.	ATP hydrolysis (i.e., ATP → ADP + Pi)
	C.	The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water.
	D.	An electron acceptor with very negative reduction potential.
	E.	All are likely to favor an overall delta G value that is negative

Substrate-level phosphorylation to yield ATP occurs during which stage(s) of aerobic respiration?

	A.	glycolysis
	B.	pyruvate conversion to acetyl-CoA
	C.	tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
	D.	electron transport system
	E.	A and B only
	F.	A and C only
	G.	B and D only
	H.	A, C, and D

Which among A-D is false regarding growth and/or analysis of a bacterial culture?

	A.	Fed-batch growth: typically carried out by adding more of the carbon source during log phase
	B.	Fastidious bacterium: has very minimal growth requirements and can synthesize most everything it needs.
	C.	Auxtroph: deficient in a metabolic pathway; must add specific growth factors to enable growth
	D.	None of A-D is false; all are true statements

Answer 1

# For first Q : Option E is correct, all statements are true.

# for second Q : Option B is correct, Fe2+ can act as electron donor and NO3- can act as electron acceptor but not in same reaction. They are not able to work simultaneously.

# for third Q : option D might be correct. Electron acceptor normally have positive electrode potential which will give rise to negative delta G. So if the electron acceptor is very negative electrode potential then it will give to positibe delta G.

# for 4th Q : Option F is coorect. Substrate level phosphorylation is the production of ATP during reaction pathway. Production of ATP from electron transport chain is called oxidative phosphorylation. So, option A and C are correct. And pyruvate conversion to acetyl-CoA gives NADPH.

For 5th Q : Option B is correct because Fastidious bacterium need special nutrients  like blood or hemoglobin and several amino acids and vitamins to grow.