Question

1. Explain what is meant by independent samples. In other words, what are the characteristics that would lead one to define two samples as independent. In the independent samples t test we have two samples of interested but we still work from a single sampling distribution. Illustrate and explain how this is achieved. 2. As was the case with the one sample t test, we need to develop an estimate for the standard error in the independent samples case. However, the way we calculate that standard error has changed a bit in the independent samples case. What is the new calculation we conduct to estimate our variance (which we then use to develop an estimate of the standard error)? What does this calculation do that is helpful for us in the independent samples case (hint: think of its name and why it would be called that).

Answer 1

1)

the two samples are independent of each other in the obvious sense that they are separate samples containing different sets of individual subjects. The individual measures in group A are in no way linked with or related to any of the individual measures in group B, and vice versa. The version of a t-test examined in this chapter will assess the significance of the difference between the means of two such samples, providing:

(i) that the two samples are randomly drawn from normally distributed populations; and

(ii) that the measures of which the two samples are composed are equal-interval.

T-Test (Independent Samples)

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