Question

How can we use comparisons of DNA sequences, protein sequences, chromosome banding patterns, and genome sequences between different species to learn about origins and evolution?

Answer 1

We can use comparisons of DNA sequences ,protein sequences, chromosome banding patterns, and genome sequences between different species to learn about origins and evolution by studying the differences in their DNA. Organisms of same species tend to have most of the DNA sequences similar to each other except at few places in DNA. So this comparison can help in aligning their sequences and different genes. When we are comparing two different species all together, then this will be more easily studied by different banding patterns of chromosomes as the chromosomal pattern would be very different from each other. In protein sequences, we tend to study the formation of specific protein in different organisms which further helps in knowing about the gene sequence in their genetic makeup. Origin and evolution could be very difficult to predict if these methods are not available since, any unknown species can now be connected to its ancestors just with the help of its genomic sequences . We compare the sequence found with all the earlier possible sequences we have to know about the origin of that species. Sometimes during evolution they tend to modify themselves , so this line of change can be predicted by their chromosomal banding patterns as they will help in finding the line of variation.

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