Question

Research question: Amongst all Penn State students, do traditional-age students and adult learners differ in terms of their grade point averages (GPA)? Researchers are going to collect data from 1,000 Penn State students. They will call each student to ask whether they identify as a traditional-age student or as an adult learner. They will also ask each student for their GPA (scale of 0 to 4.0).

1) If a difference is found in this study, can the researchers conclude that student type causesdifferences in GPAs? Explain why or why not.

2)What is one possible confounding variable in this study? Explain why this is a possible confounding variable.

3) Is student type (traditional-age versus adult) a categorical or quantitative variable?

4) Is GPA a categorical or quantitative variable?

5) What are the explanatory and response variables in this study? Explain how you identified these.