Question

Focus your attention on the location of the components in Focus Figure 24.1. Drag and drop the labels onto the diagram to identify the components of oxidative phosphorylation mitochondria. You may use a label only once. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Coenryme Comix IV onochrome Conce Su

Answer 1

OXPHOS consists of 5 protein complexes and 2 electron transporters embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. High-energy phosphate production is achieved by coupling electron transfer with proton translocation across the membrane. internal, which generates an electrochemical gradient, which generates the force of the ATP synthesis motif at the fifth complex, ATP synthase (complex V [CoV]). During respiration, electrons are first transferred from the products of the citric acid cycle, NADH and succinate, through complexes I (CoI) and II (CoII), respectively, to ubiquinone. They then pass through complex III (CoIII) and cytochrome c, ending in complex IV (CoIV). In this process, CoIV reduces O2 to H2O. The interaction between OXPHOS complexes and their organization is still unclear. According to the "fluid state model", these complexes diffuse freely through the membrane, transferring electrons by random collision. In contrast, the "solid state model" supports the formation of a set of stable supercomplexes, or respirators, composed of different complexes that work together. The assembly process of OXPHOS complexes is extremely complex and composed of multiple steps in which many adopt structural, catalytic and assembly proteins. In addition, proteins encoded by nuclear DNA (nDNA, ∼70 protein), synthesized in the cytosol and imported into the mitochondria, must be assembled with proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, 13 proteins) . Deficiencies in formation and in operation. the OXPHOS complexes are involved in mtDNA or nDNA mutations and may result in various defects, including synapse damage, axon degradation, ROS production, apoptosis, and cell death