Question

Define a type which comprises a struct called "Maxima". In this struct contains two int values a and b. The purpose of this struct is to store the largest two int values among a set of integers. The value a is the largest number and the value b is the second largest number. In order to accomplish this task, you need to write the following functions:

allzero( struct pointer ): This function sets a and b values in a given struct to zero.

newnumber( struct pointer , number ): This function gets a number value and introduces it to the set of integers to find the first and second largest values. Namely, it will set a and b properly such that a will be the largest number introduced so far and b will be the second largest. For example, if we consecutively call this function with numbers 1, 4, 5, 2, 10, 3, then a should be equal to 10 and b should be equal to 5.

You are provided main() function for testing purposes. DO NOT MODIFY IT!

} ܒܢܢ 1 #include<stdio.h> 2 #include<string.h> 3 4 // Define struct here 5 typedef //... 6 7 // write allzero(...) function here 8- void allzero(/*...*/) { 9 19 11 12 // Write newnumber(...) function here 13 void newnumber (/*...*/ { 14 15 16 17 18 // Test main() 19 // DO NOT MODIFY main() 29 // or your code will not be evaluated 21 - int main() { 22 Maxima m; 23 allzero(&m); 24 printf("%d %d\n", m.a,m.b); // 0 0 25 newnumber (&m,5); 26 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);// 5 27 newnumber (&m, 7); 28 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);// 75 29 newnumber (&m, 15); 30 printf("%d %d\n", m.a,m.b);// 15 7 31 newnumber (&m, 9); 32 printf("%d %d\n", m.a,m.b);// 15 9 33 newnumber (&m, 2); 34 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);// 15 9 35 return; 36 } 37 ////

Answer 1

We will solve this problem using struct datatype and pass by reference mechanism.

1. pass by reference is a mechanism to modify the data of a variable from an external function.
2. In most of the cases we are unable to modify variable from external functions so, here we will pass the address of the variable to the function and then we are able to modify the data inside the address from the external functions.
3. Typedef is a keyword which is used to alias a name, if we say typedef int integer, we can use integer in place of int.
4. if a is variable &a is the address of variable a

Hope u have understood the prior knowledge lets jump into coding....

SOLUTION

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
//struct that contains a and b integers
//struct max is typedeg as Maxima.
//
typedef struct max{
int a;
int b;
}Maxima;

//allzero takes parameter as address of struct type and modifies a and b to 0 and 0
void allzero(Maxima *m)
{
m->a=0;
m->b=0;
}

//newnumber is our main task , it takes number and check with both maximum numbers
//if a is less than the number then number is assigned to a and a is assigned to b
//if number is less than a and greater than b then number is assigned to b
//else number is ignored
void newnumber(Maxima *m,int n){
    //we store a value to temp if a is modified then this temp is assigned to b
    int temp=m->a;

    if(n> m->a)
    {
        m->a=n;
        m->b=temp;
    }
    else if(n > m->b)
        m->b=n;

}
//As per your instructions main function is not modified
int main()
{
Maxima m;
allzero(&m);
printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);
newnumber(&m,5);
printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);
newnumber(&m,7);
printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);
newnumber(&m,15);
printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);
newnumber(&m,9);
printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);
newnumber(&m,2);
printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b);
return 0;
}

OUTPUT IMAGES ALONG WITH CODE

main.c 1 #include<stdio.h> 2 #include<string.h> 3 // struct that contains a and b integers 4 //struct max is typedeg as Maxima. 5 // 6 typedef struct max{ 7 int a; 8 int b; 9 }Maxima; 10 11 //allzero takes parameter as address of struct type and modifies a and b to @ and @ 12 void allzero(Maximam) 13- { 14 m->a=; 15 m->b=0; 16 } 17 1/newnumber is our main task, it takes number and check with both maximum numbers 18 //if a is less than the number then number is assigned to a and a is assigned to b 19 //if number is less than a and greater than b then number is assigned to b 20 //else number is ignored 21 - void newnumber(Maxima *m,int n){ 22 //we store a value to temp if ais modified then this temp is assigned to b 23 int temp=m-Sa; 24 25 if(n> m->a) 26 27 m->arn; 28 m->b=temp; {

main.c 25 if(n> m->a) 26 { 27 m->a=n; 28 m->b=temp; 29 30 else if(n > m->b) 31 m->ben; 32 33 } 34 1/As per your instructions main function is not modified 35 int main() 36 { 37 Maxima m; 38 allzero(3m); 39 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b); 40 newnumber(&m,5); 41 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b); 42 newnumber(&m, 7); 43 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b); 44 newnumber(&m, 15); 45 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b); 46 newnumber(m, 9); 47 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b); 48 newnumber(m, 2); 49 printf("%d %d\n",m.a,m.b); 50 return; 51 } 52

OUTPUT

- 50 7 5 15 7 15 9 15 9 Process returned @ (exe) execution time: 0.130 S Press any key to continue.

Thank you

feel free to post doubts in comment section

please drop a like if u feel it is helpful..