Homework Answers
Question 13: The correct answer is (B) EF-G is a GTPase.
Explanation: In the translation elongation, the movements of mRNA and tRNA are coordinated within the ribosome. These movements are collectively called as translocation. The GTPase activity of EF-G involves the completion of the translocation while EF-Ts acts as a GTP exchange factor for EF-Tu.
Question 14: The correct answer is (C) EF-G GTP hydrolysis.
Explanation: The ribosome uses minor groove interaction, GTPase activity of EF-Tu, and t-RNA accommodation to select against incorrect aminoacyl-tRNAs. Minor groove interaction involves two adjacent adenine residues in the 16S rRNA component. Whereas the GTPase activity of EF-G involves the completion of the translocation.
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13. Which of these statements about elongation factors is true? (A) EF-Ts binds GTFP (C) EF-Ts...
11. Describe one way in which the prokaryotic ribosome ensures that the correct charged tRNA is...
11. Describe one way in which the prokaryotic ribosome ensures that the correct charged tRNA is retained with the A site of the ribosome. 3 pts 12. At the end of eukaryotic translation initiation, eIF4 proteins are still bound to the 5’ cap of the mRNA. Why isn’t this set of initiation factors released when all other initiation factors are released? 2 pts 13. Consider the GTP/GDP cycling of EF-Tu What does EF-Tu initially bind to in its GTP-bound state?...
Which of the following statements about the enzymes that take part in prokaryotic protein synthesis is...
Which of the following statements about the enzymes that take part in prokaryotic protein synthesis is correct? Peptidyl transferase is a protein that carries out its action by a mechanism involved in mimicking a tRNA. EF-G, the factor in the translocation of prokaryotic protein synthesis, is a protein that carries out its action by a mechanism that mimicks an amino acyltRNA-EF-Tu-GTP complex. EF-G, the factor involved in prokaryotic protein synthesis, mimicks EF- Tu because they both bind GTP. EF-Tu, the...
QUESTION 3 Protein factors (IFs, EFs, and eRFs) play critical roles in each of the steps...
QUESTION 3 Protein factors (IFs, EFs, and eRFs) play critical roles in each of the steps in translation of a message by the ribosome. Which of the following general statements pertaining to their functions and mechanisms of action is/are true? A. Some of these factors bind tRNA and facilitate their binding to the appropriate sites in the ribosome. B. Some of these factors bind GTP and rely on their hydrolysis to GDP to signal the correct interactions. O C. These...
SЬКІЛУ sequences are only relevant in transcription d. hairpin formation at the termination site. $ interaction...
SЬКІЛУ sequences are only relevant in transcription d. hairpin formation at the termination site. $ interaction with the 16S rRNA to correctly pos AUG start codon in the A position of the ribosome; 38. In which order do the following steps occur to initiate translation in bacteria: A. F1 and 1F3 bind the 305 subunit to prevent premature binding to the 50s subunit. B. 1F2, in cooperation with GTP, delivers fMet-tRNAf to the mRNA to form the 30s initiation complex...
When a stop codon is in place at the ribosomal A site, a ________________ factor binds...
When a stop codon is in place at the ribosomal A site, a ________________ factor binds to the site instead of a new aminoacyl-tRNA. List two specific causes of DNA mutations. One of the ways chromatin remodeling occurs to allow gene expression is ____________________ of ______________ residues of histones. During translation, elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-G use hydrolysis of the energy molecule ________ to successfully complete their tasks The __________________________________ sequence is a consensus sequence (in prokaryotic mRNAs only) that signals...
Which is correct about the peptide elongation by ribosome? Select one: a. Addition of a new...
Which is correct about the peptide elongation by ribosome? Select one: a. Addition of a new amino acid is achieved by peptide transfer from the A site tRNA to the P site tRNA. b. Translation is not affected by the cellular availability of GTP. c. Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by enzymatic proteins in ribosome. d. The peptide bond is formed by a nucleophilic attack of the A-site NH2- onto the P-site -COOH. e. None of these
* 1. Which of the following statements describes translation initiation in Eukaryotes: Initiation factors, a tRNAmet,...
* 1. Which of the following statements describes translation initiation in Eukaryotes: Initiation factors, a tRNAmet, and the ribosome's small subunit bind to the poly-A tail of mRNA. ✓ The ribosome's large subunit, tRNA, and P-site scan the mRNA for codons. ✓ The ribosome's large subunit binds to AUG codon on the mRNA. A ribosome binds to the C-terminus of an mRNA. Initiation factors, a tRNAmet, and the ribosome's small subunit bind to the 5'cap of mRNA. Initiation factors provide...
6. All of the following statements about tRNAs are true EXCEPT: O A tRNA may use...
6. All of the following statements about tRNAs are true EXCEPT: O A tRNA may use non-conventional base-pairing to bind to the codon. O A TRNA cannot fully enter the ribosome until it is released by the elongation factor. O A tRNA brings the correct amino acid for the corresponding codon in the mRNA during translation. O A tRNA catalyzes the formation of the peptide bond between amino acids.
5) Translation was originally sorted out using a variety of inhibitors of protein synthesis Inhibitors tend...
5) Translation was originally sorted out using a variety of inhibitors of protein synthesis Inhibitors tend to interrupt the process at a particular step and a population of translating ribosomes will all stop in the same state. An allied technique is to identify temperature sensitive mutations in various accessory factors. When the population of ribosomes is shifted to the restrictive temperature, ribosomes will stall when they need the function of the mutant protein to continue By analyzing the structure of...
42. Which is correct about the peptide elongation by ribosome? Select one: a. Addition of a...
42. Which is correct about the peptide elongation by ribosome? Select one: a. Addition of a new amino acid is achieved by peptide transfer from the A site tRNA to the P site URNA. b. Translation is not affected by the cellular availability of GTP. O c. Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by enzymatic proteins in ribosome. O d. The peptide bond is formed by a nucleophilic attack of the A-site NH2- onto the P-site -COOH. O e. None of...
Which of the following statements about the enzymes that take part in prokaryotic protein synthesis is correct? Peptidyl transferase is a protein that carries out its action by a mechanism involved in mimicking a tRNA. EF-G, the factor in the translocation of prokaryotic protein synthesis, is a protein that carries out its action by a mechanism that mimicks an amino acyltRNA-EF-Tu-GTP complex. EF-G, the factor involved in prokaryotic protein synthesis, mimicks EF- Tu because they both bind GTP. EF-Tu, the...
QUESTION 3 Protein factors (IFs, EFs, and eRFs) play critical roles in each of the steps in translation of a message by the ribosome. Which of the following general statements pertaining to their functions and mechanisms of action is/are true? A. Some of these factors bind tRNA and facilitate their binding to the appropriate sites in the ribosome. B. Some of these factors bind GTP and rely on their hydrolysis to GDP to signal the correct interactions. O C. These...
SЬКІЛУ sequences are only relevant in transcription d. hairpin formation at the termination site. $ interaction with the 16S rRNA to correctly pos AUG start codon in the A position of the ribosome; 38. In which order do the following steps occur to initiate translation in bacteria: A. F1 and 1F3 bind the 305 subunit to prevent premature binding to the 50s subunit. B. 1F2, in cooperation with GTP, delivers fMet-tRNAf to the mRNA to form the 30s initiation complex...
* 1. Which of the following statements describes translation initiation in Eukaryotes: Initiation factors, a tRNAmet, and the ribosome's small subunit bind to the poly-A tail of mRNA. ✓ The ribosome's large subunit, tRNA, and P-site scan the mRNA for codons. ✓ The ribosome's large subunit binds to AUG codon on the mRNA. A ribosome binds to the C-terminus of an mRNA. Initiation factors, a tRNAmet, and the ribosome's small subunit bind to the 5'cap of mRNA. Initiation factors provide...
6. All of the following statements about tRNAs are true EXCEPT: O A tRNA may use non-conventional base-pairing to bind to the codon. O A TRNA cannot fully enter the ribosome until it is released by the elongation factor. O A tRNA brings the correct amino acid for the corresponding codon in the mRNA during translation. O A tRNA catalyzes the formation of the peptide bond between amino acids.
5) Translation was originally sorted out using a variety of inhibitors of protein synthesis Inhibitors tend to interrupt the process at a particular step and a population of translating ribosomes will all stop in the same state. An allied technique is to identify temperature sensitive mutations in various accessory factors. When the population of ribosomes is shifted to the restrictive temperature, ribosomes will stall when they need the function of the mutant protein to continue By analyzing the structure of...
42. Which is correct about the peptide elongation by ribosome? Select one: a. Addition of a new amino acid is achieved by peptide transfer from the A site tRNA to the P site URNA. b. Translation is not affected by the cellular availability of GTP. O c. Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by enzymatic proteins in ribosome. O d. The peptide bond is formed by a nucleophilic attack of the A-site NH2- onto the P-site -COOH. O e. None of...
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