Question

1. What are the structures of chromosomes

2. Identify the components of a histone core and describe how a nucleosome is assembled

3. Define the term “histone code”.

4. Identify common histone markers of hetero- and euchromatin.

5. Explain the relationship between methylated DNA and chromatin.

6. Identify types of enzymes involved in chromatin regulation

7. What type of data one can get from chromosome conformation capture (3C).

8. What type of data one can get from ChIP-Seq.

9. What are the protein components of a nucleosome? How much DNA is sequestered in a nucleosome? What is the most common sequence at the middle of the DNA dyad?

10. H3K9 acetylation commonly signals what kind of chromatin? What kind of protein is needed to remove the acetylation to change this chromatin state?

11. In humans, what base is methylated in DNA? What does methylated DNA signal?

12. What are CpG islands?

13. What has 3C allowed us to better understand?

14. If you wanted to know where all the Ac-H3K9 histones were in a tumor cell how would you do this? What would you need to make this experiment possible?

Answer 1

1. Chromosomes appear as two strand structure joined at a point termed as centromere. There can be four types of structures of chromosomes depending on the location of this centromere-

Metacentric - when centromere is at the centre

Submetacentric - When its more towards on end

Acrocentric - when the arm lengths vary a lot and we can see a short and long arm easily

Telocentric - when centromere is at the tip.

Metacentric Sub metacentric Acrocentric Telocentri