Q-1 What is irreversibility in a power plant, what are types of irreversibility?
Q-1 What is irreversibility in a power plant, what are types of irreversibility?
Q-2 What is a pinch point? What is its effect on the size and efficiency of the steam generator?
Q-3 What is the mean temperature of heat addition? What is its effect on cycle efficiency? Explain the different methods by which the mean temperature of heat addition can be increased.
Q-4 How is the maximum and minimum pressure of a steam cycle is decided - How can we address the limitations imposed by maximum and minimum pressures in Rankine Cycle?
Q-5 Why is the ideal regenerative cycle not practicable? Explain the effect of regeneration on steam cycle output and efficiency.
Q-6 The use of regenerative feed water heating increases the capital cost but reduces the operating cost of a steam power plant. Explain.
Q-7 Explain the optimum degree of regeneration. How is it arrived at?
Q-8 Explain the function of the deaerator. Why is deaerator installed at a large height from the basement?
Q-9 What do you understand by cogeneration of power and process heat? Explain its thermodynamic advantages. How, the efficiency of cogeneration plant is estimated?
Q-10 What is the common unit size of a steam power plant? What parameters are considered while determining the size and type of a power plant?
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Q-1 What is irreversibility in a power plant, what are types of irreversibility?
1. A Steam Power Plant that operates on an ideal regenerative Rankine Cycle with an open...
1. A Steam Power Plant that operates on an ideal regenerative Rankine Cycle with an open feedwater heater is considered. The turbine inlet conditions are 6 MPa, 450 C. The regeneration pressure is 0.4 MPa. The condenser pressure is 20 kPa. a) Draw the T-s diagram, and the sketch of the steam power plant. b) Calculate the low pressure pump work. c) Calculate the high pressure pump work. d) Calculate the fraction of the steam extracted from the turbine for...
A power plant operating on a Rankine cycle has a maximum temperature of 700°C, minimum temperature...
A power plant operating on a Rankine cycle has a maximum temperature of 700°C, minimum temperature of 46°C, heat addition of 3523.5 kJ/kg, turbine work out 1668.1 kJkg and pump work in 30.3 kJ/kg. (1) What is the efficiency of this power cycle? (30 points) (2) What is the second law efficiency of the power plant? (10 points) (3) If the steam flow rate is 15 kg/s in the stated power plant, and the electricity generator has an efficiency of...
What is the thermal efficiency of the Rankine Cycle? = nth Wout Lin O nth -1...
What is the thermal efficiency of the Rankine Cycle? = nth Wout Lin O nth -1 TH TL Wout O nth Lout O nth 1 TL ΤΗ Yout = nth =1- Pin Onth Wnet Inet Match the following modified Rankine cycles with their descriptions: Ideal Reheat Rankine Cycle ✓ [Choose ] The turbine expands the steam in two stages. Between Stage 1 and Stage 2, the steam returns to the boiler where heat is transferred to the steam in a...
power plant 3- A combined power plant consisting of a simple open cycle gas turbine unit,...
power plant
3- A combined power plant consisting of a simple open cycle gas turbine unit, using air as the working fluid (neglect fuel mass flow rate), and a steam turbine is to be designed such that the heat rejected at the gas turbine unit is to be utilized to produce steam at the generator for the steam turbine. The exhaust air leaving the generator is at (200 C°). Draw a simple sketch for the plant and the (T-s) diagram...
Consider a steam power plant which operates on the simple ideal Rankine cycle (shown in the...
Consider a steam power plant which operates on the simple ideal
Rankine cycle (shown in the next page), where the boiler pressure
is 3 MPa and the condenser saturation temperature is 50°C. The
temperature at the exit of the boiler is 500°C. Water leaves the
condenser as a saturated liquid. The mass flow rate through each
component is 15 kg/s. Calculate:
1. The power output of the steam power plant
2. The thermal efficiency of the steam power plant
Now,...
Consider a steam power plant that operates on an ideal regenerative rankine cycle
Consider a steam power plant that operates on an ideal regenerative rankine cycle. Steam enters turbine at 6 MPa and 450 deg and is condensed in the condenser at 20 kPa. Bleed Steam is extracted from the turbine at 0.4 MPa to heat the boiler feed-water in an open feed-water heater, water leaves the feed water heater as a saturated liquid. Construct a property table giving the pressure, enthalpy and phase for all the state points identified in the cycle...
Steam enters the turbine of a power plant operating on the Rankine cycle at 3300 kPa...
Steam enters the turbine of a power plant operating on the Rankine cycle at 3300 kPa and exhausts at 50 kPa. To show the effect of superheating on the performance of the cycle, calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle and the quality of the exhaust steam from the turbine for turbine-inlet steam temperature of 550°C. The Rankine cycle is shown in the following figure: The thermal efficiency of the cycle is O The quality of the exhaust steam is...
a) A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle. Steam enters the high-pressure...
a) A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine (HPT) at a pressure of 10 MPa and temperature of 550°C. The steam expands through the HPT stage to a pressure of 0.6 MPa. Some of the steam at the end of the expansion process in HPT is extracted for a regeneration process in a closed-type feedwater heater. The steam leaves the heater as a saturated liquid and then is throttled to the...
A power plant using a Rankine power generation cycle and steam operates at a temperature of...
A power plant using a Rankine power generation cycle and steam operates at a temperature of 80 oC in the condenser, a pressure of 2.5 MPa in the boiler, and a maximum boiler temperature of 700 oC. Draw the two cycles described below on a temperature-entropy diagram for steam, and answer the following questions. a) What is the efficiency of this power plant, assuming the pump and turbine operate adiabatically and reversibly? What is the temperature of the steam leaving...
Problem 1 (40 pts): A power plant runs on a steam cycle that closely approximates a...
Problem 1 (40 pts): A power plant runs on a steam cycle that closely approximates a Rankine cycle with one exception: the turbine is adiabatic but not isentropic, and has an isentropic efficiency of 85%. The cycle operates between 20 kPa and 20 MPa and steam achieves a maximum temperature of 600 °C. The cycle receives heat from a combustion chamber at 1500 K and rejects heat to the surrounding. a) Calculate the net work output and thermal efficiency of...
1. A Steam Power Plant that operates on an ideal regenerative Rankine Cycle with an open feedwater heater is considered. The turbine inlet conditions are 6 MPa, 450 C. The regeneration pressure is 0.4 MPa. The condenser pressure is 20 kPa. a) Draw the T-s diagram, and the sketch of the steam power plant. b) Calculate the low pressure pump work. c) Calculate the high pressure pump work. d) Calculate the fraction of the steam extracted from the turbine for...
A power plant operating on a Rankine cycle has a maximum temperature of 700°C, minimum temperature of 46°C, heat addition of 3523.5 kJ/kg, turbine work out 1668.1 kJkg and pump work in 30.3 kJ/kg. (1) What is the efficiency of this power cycle? (30 points) (2) What is the second law efficiency of the power plant? (10 points) (3) If the steam flow rate is 15 kg/s in the stated power plant, and the electricity generator has an efficiency of...
What is the thermal efficiency of the Rankine Cycle? = nth Wout Lin O nth -1 TH TL Wout O nth Lout O nth 1 TL ΤΗ Yout = nth =1- Pin Onth Wnet Inet Match the following modified Rankine cycles with their descriptions: Ideal Reheat Rankine Cycle ✓ [Choose ] The turbine expands the steam in two stages. Between Stage 1 and Stage 2, the steam returns to the boiler where heat is transferred to the steam in a...
power plant
3- A combined power plant consisting of a simple open cycle gas turbine unit, using air as the working fluid (neglect fuel mass flow rate), and a steam turbine is to be designed such that the heat rejected at the gas turbine unit is to be utilized to produce steam at the generator for the steam turbine. The exhaust air leaving the generator is at (200 C°). Draw a simple sketch for the plant and the (T-s) diagram...
Consider a steam power plant which operates on the simple ideal
Rankine cycle (shown in the next page), where the boiler pressure
is 3 MPa and the condenser saturation temperature is 50°C. The
temperature at the exit of the boiler is 500°C. Water leaves the
condenser as a saturated liquid. The mass flow rate through each
component is 15 kg/s. Calculate:
1. The power output of the steam power plant
2. The thermal efficiency of the steam power plant
Now,...
Steam enters the turbine of a power plant operating on the Rankine cycle at 3300 kPa and exhausts at 50 kPa. To show the effect of superheating on the performance of the cycle, calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle and the quality of the exhaust steam from the turbine for turbine-inlet steam temperature of 550°C. The Rankine cycle is shown in the following figure: The thermal efficiency of the cycle is O The quality of the exhaust steam is...
a) A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine (HPT) at a pressure of 10 MPa and temperature of 550°C. The steam expands through the HPT stage to a pressure of 0.6 MPa. Some of the steam at the end of the expansion process in HPT is extracted for a regeneration process in a closed-type feedwater heater. The steam leaves the heater as a saturated liquid and then is throttled to the...
Problem 1 (40 pts): A power plant runs on a steam cycle that closely approximates a Rankine cycle with one exception: the turbine is adiabatic but not isentropic, and has an isentropic efficiency of 85%. The cycle operates between 20 kPa and 20 MPa and steam achieves a maximum temperature of 600 °C. The cycle receives heat from a combustion chamber at 1500 K and rejects heat to the surrounding. a) Calculate the net work output and thermal efficiency of...
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