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Can Somebody Please Explain What a Pyrimidine Dimer is in detail? Also, how it relates to...

Can Somebody Please Explain What a Pyrimidine Dimer is in detail? Also, how it relates to DNA mutations, UV light, etc?

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Pyrimidine dimers are lesions formed in DNA on exposure to Ultraviolet light.They are formed between adjacent pyrimidine residues  such as thymine or cytosine via photochemical reaction. They induce conformational changes in DNA which is recognized by DNA repair enzyme. Photolyase enzyme via photoreactivation reverse these dimers. The repair pathway involved in DNA repair here is nucleotide excision repair which removes the region containing the dimer and synthesizes DNA in that region. Unrepaired pyrimidine dimers lead to development of cancer.

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