Question

A student conducts an enzyme experiment revolving around changing the enzyme concentration, and its effects upon the rate of reaction when applied to the protease enzyme pepsin and albumen in the presence of a pH Buffer of 4. The student obtains the following results based upon the time taken for the disappearance of opaqueness (cloudiness) normally associated with a suspension of albumen. The student obtains the following results; it took 2 minutes and 16 seconds for 2.5% to clear the albumen once the pepsin was added, 3 minutes and 12 seconds for the 2%pepsin, whilst the 1.5% pepsin too four minutes and twenty seconds. 0.5% pepsin gave a result of nine minutes and 15 seconds, whilst the 1.0% pepsin took 6 minutes and ten seconds. The student is informed that as the results reflect the sue of substrate and not the production of product, their results must be converted to 1/T (where T = time in seconds) for the rate of reaction and their calculations shown. Variable : Independent variable Dependent variable

Answer 1

An enzyme activity experiment is being conducted in which activity of substrate is being understood.first we need to understand the enzyme- Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up. Enzymes are usually specific to particular substrates. The substrates in the reaction bind to active sites on the surface of the enzyme. The enzyme-substrate complex then undergoes a reaction to form a product along with the original enzyme.

The rate of a chemical reaction is affected by the total number of enzymes as well as the concentration of substrates. We can describe the reaction rate with a simple equation to understand how enzymes affect chemical reactions.

A protease (also called a peptidase or proteinase) is an enzyme that catalyzes (increases the rate of) proteolysis, the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids. They do this by cleaving the peptide bonds within proteins by hydrolysis, a reaction where water breaks bonds.

.Pepsin is an endopeptidase that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides (that is, a protease)

.Albumin is a protein made by your liver. Albuminhelps keep fluid in your bloodstream so it doesn't leak into other tissues. It is also carries various substances throughout your body, including hormones, vitamins, and enzymes. Low albumin levels can indicate a problem with your liver or kidneys

it is clear by the experiment that higher the concentration of substrate in a reaction lesser time it will take to complete the reaction. more concentration of substrate will give fast results. hence the rate of reaction will increase with higher substrate concentration.