Question

1. Demyelination of nerves_____.

a. interferes with the conduction of nerve impulses along axons

b. interferes with the conduction of nerve impulses at synapses

c. interferes with the conduction of nerve impulses through the cells body

d. makes initiation of an action potential at a dendrite less likely

e. makes initiation of an action potential at a dendrite more likely

2. What disease tends to arise in children and results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreas?

a. Multiple sclerosis (MSO

b. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

c. Grave's disease and thyroiditis

d. Rheumatoid arthritis

e. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

3. In which of the following diseases is the target of immune attack on the TSH receptor on the surface of thyroid cells that normally bind the pituitary hormone thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

a. Thyroiditis

b. insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

c. Grave's disease

d. A and C

e. systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

4. What leads to the symptoms of thyroiditis?

a. Immune attack against one or more common protein of thyroid cells, including thyroglobulin

b. destruction of the thyroid gland

c. destruction of the thymus gland

d. decreased blood levels of thyroid hormone

e. A, B and D

5. what happens to the synovial membrane in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

a. it becomes inflamed and thickened

b. it becomes infiltrated with auto-reactive immune cells

c. it becomes infiltrated with auto-reactive immune cells and auto-antibodies

d. it becomes infiltrated with auto-antibodies

e. all of the above

6. The serum of patients with SLE contains antibodies directed against which of the following components?

a. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins

b. proteins of the centromeres of chromosomes

c. double-stranded DNA

d. snRNP's

e. all of the above

Answer 1

1. Option A is correct.
Myelin sheath is an insulating covering that prevents the dissipation of electrical impulses along the axon body.
Demyelination interferes with the conduction of nerve impulses along axons.
However, it may have an indirect impact on the conduction of nerve impulses through the cells body.

2. Option B is correct.
Pancreatic beta cells produce insulin.
Insufficient secretion of insulin results in Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

3. Option D is correct.
Destruction of the TSH receptor leads to Thyroiditis and Grave's disease

4. Option E is correct.
Thyroiditis can be due to
a. An immune attack against thyroid cells
b. Destruction of thyroid gland
c. Decreased levels of thyroxin

5. Option E is correct.
All the given descriptions are true for rheumatoid arthritis.

6. Option E is correct.
In patients with SLE, antinuclear antibodies are found.