1) Explain how we can use changes in PH to identify organisms that ferment certain sugars.
When microorganisms ferment carbohydrates an acid or acid gas are produced. Commonly used substrates are glucose, lactose, sucrose etc. Depending upon the organism involved and the substrates being fermented, the end product can be lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, buthyl alcohol, carbondioxide, acetone and hydrogen.
If acid is formed after fermentation it lowers the PH of the medium, which can be detected by change in color of PH indicator.
Color change only occur when sufficient amount of acid is produced, as bacteria may utilize the peptone producing alkaline by product.
Commonly used PH indicator in carbohydrates fermentation is phenol red. Other PH indicator used are bromocresol, bromothymol.
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1) Explain how we can use changes in PH to identify organisms that ferment certain sugars.
-Explain how DNA sequencing can be used to identify organisms and place them into phylogenetic trees or "trees of life". -Why would whole genome sequencing be better than sequencing parts of the bird genomes? -Besides humans, what group of animals would you recommend sequencing next and why? Justify your answer with some reasons.
1) Many species of bacteria are able to ferment sugars. This process: a. involves the reduction of organic compounds, which serve as terminal electron acceptors b. involves the oxidation of NADH to NAD+ c. requires a fully functional electron transport chain so that a proton gradient can be generated to drive the synthesis of ATP d. answers (a) and (b) are both correct e. answers (a), (b), and (c) are all correct 2) Which of the following statements are true...
1) Mitochondria can use some other simple sugars, such as mannose or galactose (can Golgi make them?) please explain 2) The most common simple sugars are glucose, fructose and galactose (are these made by Golgi too?) Please explain 3) Also, what sugar types does Golgi make that are not used by mitochondria? Please explain
A) Explain how geography, mass extinctions and adaptive radiation help explain the diversity of living organisms. B) Explain how changes in development can explain the evolution of new live forms. .Using the information you presented about geography, mass extinction, adaptive radiation and embryonic development, from the previous two questions, explain how living organisms evolve.
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Explain in detail, how the intracellular protein buffer system acts to minimize ph changes.
1. if given unlabeled samples of glucose, malfose and lactose how could you identify each of the unknown? support your answer with test- glucose steips and barfoeds test. 2. how would glucose, maltose, lactose, lactose +acid, and lactose+ base react with an maltase pill? explain the levels of glucose. 3. starchws and fiber are two other sources of carbohydrates. How do they differ from sugars? 4. With the addition of a lactase enzyme glucose and maltose reacted but lactose did...
show how we can use variable-length arguments and explain why we may want to use variable-length arguments in our programs.
In a pH measurement experiment, we monitored changes in pH against volume of base added. When we plotted the data, the following graph was obtained. 13 12 11 10 9 8 рн 4 3 2 20 30 40 10 50 60 Volume of base added (mL) A) Identify the type of the acid base titration (such as strong acid/strong base, weak acid/strong base etc)! Justify your answer B) What would be the equivalence point for this graph (10 pts)
In a pH measurement experiment, we monitored changes in pH against volume of base added. When we plotted the data, the following graph was obtained. 13 12 11 10 9 8 рн 4 3 2 20 30 40 10 50 60 Volume of base added (mL) A) Identify the type of the acid base titration (such as strong acid/strong base, weak acid/strong base etc)! Justify your answer B) What would be the equivalence point for this graph (10 pts)