Describe the membrane budding reactions that occur throughout the cell. What coats are used where?
protein modification occur in two compartments ER ( N- linked glycosylation ) and Golgi ( o- linked glycosylation).
protein transported from ER to Golgi in anterograde process involving COPII proteins . The vesicle buds from the ER and transported to the golgi ( cis golgi transport) and then finally buds from trans golgi network and reach the destination.
protein from golgi to ER move in retrograde process involving COPI proteins.
The soluble proteins enter the cell through endocytosis and enter the vesicle coated with clathrin , the clathrin coated vesicle buds from the plasma membrane and then uncoating take palce and finally the fusion of the membrane occur by v- SNARE and t- SNARE hypothesis. clathrin transport the protein from plasma membrane to lysosome.
protein synthesized by free ribosomes move to peroxisomes, mitochondria and chloroplast.
protein synthesized by membrane bound ribosomes moves to ER , golgi and lysosome.
Describe the membrane budding reactions that occur throughout the cell. What coats are used where?
Describe what will occur in each of the following situations, include what the cell will look like, and state which way the water moves (into cell, out of cell, both in and out, or neither): An animal cell is placed in a solution that is 10 times more concentrated than an isotonic solution (is this solution hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic compared to inside the cell?). An animal cell is placed in a solution that is 10 times more dilute than...
Where within the cell does glycolysis occur ? cytoplasm.. but not an option. cytosol?? Question 9 Where within the cell does glycolysis occur? 1 inner mitochondrial membrane 2 nucleus 3 mitochondrial matrix 4 cytosol S rough ER
The plasma membrane is very important to the cell. a. Draw and describe the structure and function of the plasma membrane. b. What is the chemical explanation for the structure of the plasma membrane? c. Diagram and four different transport mechanisms across the membrane, and then compare and contrast the benefits and drawbacks of each mechanism to the cell:
(b)Where in the cell does this process occur? Q3 to create a protein. is the process in which mRNA is used as a template (b)Where in the cell does this process occur? Q4 carries amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis. Q5 Give the complementary DNA sequence to AGGCTATTCATT. Q6 Give the complementary RNA sequence to AGGCTATTCATT. Q7 Use Table 9.4 to give the amino acid sequence that results from the above RNA. Q8 What are two differences betweeen...
Where in the cell is the assembly of N-oligosaccharides on the secretory and integral membrane proteins initiated? Briefly describe the mechanism of assembly and attachment of the core segment of the carbohydrate chain to a typical target polypeptide
Describe other components present in a cell membrane and their relative location. Cell membranes contain _____ inserted into the phospholipid layer, _____ on the outer surface, and _______ that can either span the membrane or sit on either surface of the membrane. Word Box: Proteins, benzene, hydrocarbons, cholesterol, carbohydrates
3) Electrical model of a cell membrane Consider a piece of cell membrane. The membrane has a specific conductivity of Om = 10-10 (12 cm)', a dielectric constant Em = 8 and thickness dm = 7.5 nm. On both sides of the membrane are two boundary layers with equal specific conductivity Op = OL = 102 (2 cm)-1. The thickness of these layers is dp = 50 nm and di = 100 nm and their capacitance is negligible. a) What...
Membrane Permeability a. What molecule makes up the majority of the cell membrane and how does its structure create the semi-permeable nature of the membrane? b. For each of the following molecules describe whether or not it can freely diffuse across a cell membrane. Justify your answers. RNA, Cholesterol, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Sodium ions (Na+), please be as detail as possible.
8. The light reactions are made up of two photosystems. Describe each of the photosystems. Where do these reactions occur? When do they occur? 9. How are pigments used in the photosystems? How is it possible for pigments to catch light or absorb light to fuel the reactions of the chloroplast? 10. What is carbon focation? What is nitrogen fixation? The Calvin Cycle is also called the dark reactions. Why? 11. What are the steps in the dark reactions? What...
Describe and draw the thylakoid membrane with all the complexes required for the light reactions.