Question

Write a paper (8,000-10,000 words) on Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare
The Paper should include the following informaiton:
Give on abstract of the paper
give on introduction on the paper and definition
Should also give (in details) reasons why we need to build Smart Hosptials and Definition, Advancements, Advantages and Disadvantages
Advancements in Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare
Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare trends for 2020
Should also list and explain the types of IoT and Cloud Computing
Advantages, Disadvantages and Issues in Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare

Answer 1

INTRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial intelligence (AI) is wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, but advancements in machine learning and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of the tech industry.

INTRODUCTION OF CLOUD OF THINGS:-

The Internet of things is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.It's about networks, it's about devices, and it's about data," Caroline Gorski, the head of IoT(Internet of things ) at Digital Catapult explains. INTERNET OF THINGS allows devices on closed private internet connections to communicate with others and "the Internet of Things brings those networks together. It gives the opportunity for devices to communicate not only within close silos but across different networking types and creates a much more connected world.

INTRODUCTION OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN HEALTHCARE:-

Transform business with google cloud build ,innovate,and scale with google cloud, using cloud services, healthcare organisations only need to pay for what they use, such as storage, applications, and infrastructure service. ... The cloud provides real-time and remote access to applications and resources in a way that's easy to use.

WHY WE NEED TO BUILD SMART HOSPITAL

The Smart Hospital concept is aimed at creating a single IT environment composed of automated «bricks» of specialized and auxiliary processes.

In the course of this new technological revolution, a huge amount of data, cloud computing services, machine learning methods, and artificial intelligence solutions are being combined.Most countries develop their own concepts when it comes to the question «what is a smart hospital»: they adopt normative legal acts, introduce standards, and implement targeted programs.

Thinking of the smart hospital definition, we can say that it is a relatively new direction at the intersection of medicine, information, health, and business, which is related to the usage of information technology support for healthcare.

e-Health includes ten key principles:

1. 1. Efficiency.
2. 2. Quality improvement.
3. 3. Attention to personal data.
4. 4. Expansion of the patient’s capabilities.
5. 5. Improving the relationship between the patient and the medical organization.
6. 6. Continuing education and professional development through information technology.
7. 7. Realization of safe data exchange.
8. 8. Expansion of the healthcare framework.
9. 9. Ethical standards.
10. 10. Accessibility for everyone.

ADVANTAGES OF SMART HOSPITAL:-

*Patient engagement

*Streamlining communication

*Workflow optimization

*Hospital navigation for patients and staff

Streamlining communication. Patients often are dissatisfied with the doctor-patient communication as in some cases doctors are more focused on computer screen than on talking to patient and monitoring his or her emotions and body language, which often give additional information about patient’s condition. And patient satisfaction is an important index in the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey, the scores of which directly affect reimbursement. Patient engagement. Using smart hospital room features (for example, via touch-screen monitors or tablets) patients and their families can enhance their experience and improve patient-doctor relationship. They can be involved in the care process and know more about treatment progress and health condition. While staying at the hospital room they can view their health records and test results, get to know daily treatment schedules. Smart hospital also provides opportunities for disease management education.

This smart hospital software feature can significantly reduce the no-show rates, which cost the US healthcare system $150b each year. Push notifications generated by such software can be sent to patients, in their preferred language, informing them about the time of their appointment and exact office number. Such smart hospital systems can also push updates telling the patients if the appointment location or time has changed.Hospital assets tracking. IoT is extensively used in many other industries for effective inventory tracking. Hospitals and care centers can use IoT applications to find out which items need to be reordered and where the assets are located.Leveraging data analytics. Smart devices like wearables and smartphones track huge volumes of biometric data. This data can be used by caregivers find out more about both individual patients and populations. Insights from the data can improve the quality of patient care and accelerate lifesaving research.

DISADVANTAGE OF SMART HOSPITAL:

1. Although automation systems provide us with hassle free processing, there is always a fear of failure and subsequent loss of data.
2. To avoid such loss of data, additional measures have to be taken such as regular back-ups and maintenance.
3. High initial investment
4. A smart and green facility may consider having various equipment to capture and utilize renewable energy viz. solar panels.
5. IT solutions such as HIMS and telemedicine are sold component wise and thus collectively results into a large sum.
6. Building automation systems is another example that involves a large investment.
7. All these factors collectively comprise of a major chunk in the capex.
8. Maintenance costs:IT systems require constant upgradation of the software as well as hardware, which further adds to operational costs.We often rush into making decisions without proper analysis and thinking. An uncommon practice but a suggested one, would be to list the pros and cons before making the decision. In this case, one must look at the weight each factor takes against the other for your facility. As hospital consultants, we highly recommend implementing these smart and green practices.

Advancements in Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare
Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare trends for 2020

The coalescence of medical equipment into the network has already changed the methods of work in the healthcare industry. By 2020, the widespread introduction of high-tech methods in medicine will lead to the implementation of the smart hospital project. It is estimated that by 2024 smart hospital market will be worth $63 billion.

This concept is based on optimization and automation of processes in the information-communication and technological environment of interrelated objects. The purpose of this environment is to improve existing procedures for the provision of advanced means of medical care, and to open up new opportunities for medicine.

The «fourth industrial revolution» is also of fundamental importance. It consists of combining network devices with cloud computing methods and analyzing large data and artificial intelligence, which makes it possible to call such an infrastructure «smart.»

advantages:

Better Serving Rural CommunitiES

choosing the right technology provider isn't a decision that can be taken lightly. As we saw, security isn't just a nice to have feature when it comes to moving to the cloud. In fact, currently, the US Department of Health and Human Services Office for Civil Rights is investigating over 400 reported breaches of health information.

But, the opportunities of cloud computing are plenty, and with the proper safeguards, the fears related to data privacy and security can be mitigated.

Enter low-code development.

OutSystems is a low-code platform that allows you to deploy your applications on cloud or on-premises. With a strong security offer for the cloud—OutSystems Sentry—and no vendor lock-in, OutSystems has been helping healthcare providers, such as NHS PHP and US Acute Care Solutions, accelerate their digital strategy.

Healthcare providers can use OutSystems to:

• Drive revenue growth through personalized patient experiences
• Improve clinical productivity through data transparency
• Streamline operations and deliver care beyond the hospital
• Improve patient care with enhanced analytics

To learn more about OutSystems for healthcare visit our page. And to discover the OutSystems cloud services, check out our Evaluation Guide.  

AI in this context has the potential to deliver integrated physical and digital services that address a wide range of healthcare applications, for example in patient care, diagnosis, treatment and in hospital based laboratory and support services. Ethical, privacy and trust aspects should be addressed, as appropriate.

• Emergence of European-led AI based pilots for the smart hospital of the future, enabled by open system platforms
• Demonstration of effectiveness, in use, of AI based technologies, such as smart robots, in a range of healthcare tasks
• Engagement of healthcare policy makers, investors, stakeholders and through the pilot.
• Effective basis for developing deployable applications
• Reaching a high leveraging effect on other sources of funding, in particular regional and national funding
• Contributing to trust and acceptance building in the AI technology among all stakeholders (including patients, their formal and informal caregivers, decision makers, etc.

DISADVANTAGE :

So for AI to be accepted by the medical community at large, it’s going to require, not just proof that it works, but a project plan that includes input from all stakeholders and evidence it’s worth the investment.

As Google’s demonstration showed the world, AI will be capable of handling complex and unexpected questions as long as it has plenty of good data to begin the process of deep learning.

EMRs were supposed to make everyone’s job easier, from the billings clerk all the way to the physicians. For all its benefits though, many found implementation to be a costly and time-consuming disruption to practices. And, as anyone who has experienced a new technology rollout at a company can attest, if things aren’t handled correctly, widespread adoption can be a major issue.

*AI Training Complications
According to Dr. Robert Mittendorff of Northwest Venture Partners, one significant challenge to AI in health care is the lack of curated data sets, which helps in training the technology to perform as requested through surprised learning.

“Curated data sets that are robust and have both the breadth and depth for training in a particular application are essential, but frequently hard to access due to privacy concerns, record identification concerns, and HIPAA,” Mittendorff as says in a recent Topbots article.

Advantages, Disadvantages and Issues in Artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in healthcare

ADVANTAGE :

“Sensors, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and blockchain are vital technologies for IoMT as they provide multiple benefits to patients and facilities alike,” said Varun Babu, Senior Research Analyst, TechVision.

“For instance, they help with the delivery of targeted and personalized medicine while simultaneously ensuring seamless communication and high productivity within smart hospital.

The potential to improve efficiency, engage patients continuously, and get ahead of adverse events has created a significant commercial opportunity for device manufacturers, software vendors, and analytics developers, adds a separate report by MarketersMedia.

Currently, the global IoT market is valued at $20.59 billion, and is anticipated to grow at a 25.2 percent compound annual growth rate (CAGR) until 2023 to reach $63.43 billion.

According to a recent analysis by Deloitte, more than two-thirds of medical devices will be connected to the internet by 2023, compared to just 48 percent of devices in 2018.

The uptick in connected devices will lead to the availability of more data for analytics, which will in turn require novel methods of extracting meaning from raw datasets.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning strategies are ideally adapted to managing and analyzing continuous data streams in large amounts, says Frost & Sullivan, and will be critical for ensuring that actionable insights are presented to providers without overloading their workflows.“Since it is an emerging technology, technology developers need to offer standardized testing protocols so that they can convince hospitals of their safety and efficacy and make the most of their massive potential.”

DISADVANTAGE :s Are already issuing guidelines that must be strictly followed by governmental medical establishments integrating the IoT (internet of things)in their workflow. These may restrict possible capacities to some extent.Unauthorized access to centralization. There is a chance that dishonest interlopers may access centralized systems and realize some cruel intentions.Privacy can be potentially undermined. As we’ve already mentioned, systems get hacked. Lots of attention will need to be focused on data security, which requires significant additional spendings.

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