Question

There are different techniques applied to analyze gene expression levels during biotechnological or pharmaceutical drug development. Please give 3 examples and explain in detail .

Answer 1

There are different techniques to analyze gene expression levels during biotechnological or pharmaceutical drugs development are :

I. Microarray: it is a technique of studying gene expression .This method is a collection of DNA that are microscopic and spot are attached to the solid surface. This technique is important because it help to measure the expression of thousand of gene simultaneously. This method based on the DNA hybridization.  

II. RT-PCR: This is a modified PCR technique, that involve the formation of DNA from RNA with the help of reverse transcription. The interested DNA fragments are amplified using polymease chain reaction. As, the DNA made from RNA have only coding part, this is used to expression of DNA

III. Western blotting : this technique measure the gene expression by measuring the expression of protein. The genes are expressed in the form of protein, hence gene expression could be used to study gene expression.  This technique is mainly used in immunology.