Question

Discuss the following: immunology, innate immunity, nonspecific immune, Acquired or adaptive immunity, Antigens, Antibodies, immunoglobulins, antigen-antibody reaction, significance of antibodies in rapid diagnostic tests that are used in clinical, primary antibodies. Enzyme-linked Secondary antibodies, Substrate specific for the enzyme.

Answer 1

The term was coined by Russian biologist Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov, who best in class studies on immunology and received the Nobel Prize for his work in 1908. He pinned little thistles into starfish hatchlings and noticed surprising cells surrounding the thistles. This was the active reaction of the body trying to maintain its integrity. It was Mechnikov who first watched the marvel of phagocytosis, in which the body safeguards itself against a foreign body.

Prior to the designation of immunity, from the etymological root immunis, which is Latin for "excluded", early physicians characterized organs that would later be demonstrated as essential segments of the immune framework. The important lymphoid organs of the immune framework are the thymus, bone marrow, and chief lymphatic tissues, for example, spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph hubs, adenoids, and liver.Innate immunity (likewise called normal or native immunity) provides the early line of barrier against microbes. ... Adaptive immunity (additionally called specific or acquired immunity) framework recognizes and responds to an enormous number of microbial and nonmicrobial substances.

Innate immunity (additionally called common or native immunity) provides the early line of safeguard against microbes. ... Adaptive immunity (additionally called specific or acquired immunity) framework recognizes and responds to an enormous number of microbial and nonmicrobial substances.

Active immunity results from an infection or an immunization, while passive immunity originates from normally or artificially gaining antibodies.Immunity is the characteristic resistances that enable one to avoid or fight off disease, infection, or different sorts of biological invasion of the body. Immunity is commonly divided into two significant sorts: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is nonspecific, and individuals are brought into the world with it.