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Give an explanation of a threat to internal validity and a threat to external validity in...

Give an explanation of a threat to internal validity and a threat to external validity in quantitative research. Next, explain a strategy to mitigate each of these threats. Then, identify a potential ethical issue in quantitative research and explain how it might influence design decisions. Finally, explain what it means for a research topic to be amenable to scientific study using a quantitative approach

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Internal validity is concerned with the rigor (and thus the degree of control) of the study design. The degree of control exerted over potential extraneous variables determines the level of internal validity. Controlling for potentially confounding variables minimizes the potential for an alternative explanation for treatment effects and provides more confidence that effects are due to the independent variable. Eight threats to internal validity have been defined: history, maturation, testing, instrumentation, regression, selection, experimental mortality, and an interaction of threats.

External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. In other words, it is the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to and across other situations, people, stimuli, and times.

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