Question

17. Cost of inspectors and testing are examples of:

A. Prevention costs

B. Appraisal costs

C. Internal failure costs

D. External failure costs

E. Improvement costs

18. Which of the following are reasons for the failure of quality improvement efforts in

            organizations?

A. Managers continue to focus on short-term financial results

B. Managers instinctively blame employees when there is a quality failure

C. Managers interfere with true teamwork

D. All of the above

E. Only A and B

19. How does the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award seek to strengthen US competitiveness in the global market?

A. By promoting better quality management practices in the US

B. By giving an award to selected US organizations to recognize their quality excellence

C. By publicizing quality achievements of U.S. companies

D. All of the above.

20. In quality improvement implementation, the Pareto chart is used:

A. to show the causes and effects of quality problems

B. to control proportion defective through quality control charts.   

C. to show the few but important problems that impact quality.
D. to show the upper and lower specification limits.

21. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle is a framework used in implementing the _____ process.
            A. process flow analysis

B. continuous improvement

C. new product design

D. None of the above.

22. Which of the following statements is true about six-sigma quality?

A. Requires no more than 3.4 defects per million parts.

B. Six-sigma is used to manage and control quality.

C. Six-sigma can be applied to manufacturing systems as well as to administrative

            and service processes

D. All of the above

E. Only (A) and (b) above.

Answer 1

17. Answer is C. Internal failure costs

Since the inspectors and testing is merely ensuring faulty product does not reach the customers. No preventive measures are being taken.

18. Answer is D. All of the above

Managers failure to focus on long-term goals, take ownership of mistakes and incapability to entrust teamwork resulting in achieving quality improvement targets.

19. Answer is D. All of the above

This award is annually presented to those companies who exhibit high performance and quality.

20. Answer is C. to show the few but important problems that impact quality.

Pareto chart works on the principle of 80-20 i.e. 80% of problems arise from 20% of causes.

21. Answer is B. continuous improvement

PDCA cycle is a 4-step management method for continuous improvement.

22. Answer is D. All of the above

Six sigma methodolgy implies that 3.4 defects per million opportunities. This is applied for measuring and controlling quality of both manufacturing and service sectors.