When an amino acid chain folds into a protein, the entropy of the system decreases. Explain what factor(s) allow for the folding of a protein to be spontaneous despite the entropy decrease of the system.
When an amino acid chain folds into a protein, the entropy of the system decreases. Explain...
Pls answer fast Discuss how the properties of acidity, basicity, and polarity arise for some amino acids. 8. How does water interact with hydrophobic and hydrophllic molecules? How does water interact with amino acid side chains, and how does this facilitate the folding of proteins? 9. Describe how amino acids are linked together to form protein chains. 10. What does the Ramachandran plot describe? How is it useful in describing protein structure? 11. What physical forces act on the amino...
Energy and entropy: When a protein folds, it is able to lower its potential energy by making favorable electrostatic and hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions. However, when you increase the temperature of its environment, you can cause the protein to unfold. Explain why the folded state is dependent on temperature.
Entropy _______ in the system in which a protein is formed by joining together many amino acids with peptide bonds. increases stays the same increases and then decreasesto zero decreases
19. The _structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids in that protein. 20. Make up an example of the primary structure of a protein in the space below 21. The structure of a protein refers to a regular, recurring arrangement of the amino acid chain. One such arrangement, called the occurs when the amino acid chain forms a spiral or coil. Draw an example of this structure in the space below. 22. Another type of_...
Protein folding and lipid-bilayer formation result in decreased entropy for a protein molecule and bilayer components. The decrease entropy of the surrounding entropy is balanced by a large increase in the OTemperature Salt solutions Pressure Water molecules Water's ability to dissolve a wide variety of molecules is important, but more important is the hydrophobic effect, which drives the aggregation of nonpolar molecules and plays a role in the folding of proteins and formation of lipid bilayers. What forces drive the...
A chain GIVEQCCASVCSLYQLENYCN B chain FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKA Shown above is the amino acid sequence of the hormone insulin. This structure was determined by Frederick Sanger and his coworkers. Most of this work is described in a series of articles published in the Biochemical Journal from 1945 to 1955. When Sanger and colleagues began their work in 1945, it was known that insulin was a small protein consisting of two or four polypeptide chains linked by disulfide bonds. Sanger and his coworkers...
The pK of the side chain of amino acid X in a polypeptide is normally in the range of 9-10 and carries a positive charge when protonated. Suppose you have a soluble globular protein and you find there is an X that has a pK of 6.5. What is the most likely reason for such a large drop in pK? Circle the correct answer. a) X is on the surface of the protein where it ion pairs with the carboxylate...
how does the protein environment surrounding an amino acid chain affect its chemical properties?Consider the carboxyl group on an asparate side chain in the following environments in a protein. Rank in order these environments from the highest to the lowest proportion of carboxyl groups in the -COO- form.that is in terms of pKas. 1. an aspartate side chain on the surface of protein with no other ionizable groups nearby. 2. an aspartate side chain buried in a hydrophobic pocket on...
Do you expect a Pro→Gly mutation in a surface-loop region of a globular protein to be stabilizing or destabilizing? Assume the mutant folds to a native-like conformation. Explain your answer in terms of the predicted enthalpic and entropic effects of the mutation on the ΔG for protein folding compared to ΔG of folding for the wild-type protein. Match the items in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. ASsolvent Because the mutation is on...
Which amino acids allow the most structural flexibility when found in a protein? Which allows the least? Which is the only amino acid that forms disulfide bridges?