Question

how to calculate the expected mass of 1-bromobutane assuming 100% yeild

experiment 4 preparation of 1-brokobutane A nucleophilic substitution reaction

2. Draw he structure of steps, and place MW 137 BP 101 C Density 1.275 bt There are other methods of producing allyl halide products from 1:00 n oven 1:00 0:15 Purification When all the suur ac has been added, remove from the ice water bath and off the outside of the fask Ad some boling ohips, fit a reflux condenser and som sare is clean and dry toling chips and sot up detiation the liquid and collect the distlats in the range 00-103 mixture to gently retux for 30 minutes Fum off the heating mantle and alow the condenser to drain for a fow glass sample vial, ntopre-weighed estal the organic layer has teen distied across, by which Sime the temperatur have reached about 105 "C Dan] dist dryness There is no need for ioe around the collecting flask Determine the boling above 105 "C or to Percentage yield While the distiate is cooling check that the separating funnel is topper its properly The disilation apparatus will be needed again, so allow time to wash and dry and the Mass of product expected before being returned. To speed up he drying process, rinse the glassware with acetone. Place the distilation glassware into the oven to dry DISCUSSION Discuss the paicentago yield youttared n'a is more than 100%, how can " dd the organic distilate, water (20 mL) and a ittle sodium metabisulfite (match- head size) to the lape separating funnel and shake for a few minutes. (The that be possible? n'aislower than 100%, where might some product have been lost in the process? is added to reduce any bromine molecules to bromide ions) Shake gently at first and open the tap occasionaly to prevent build up of pressure Allow to settle and separate the aqueous and organic layers into Write half-equations and an overal balanced equation for the reaction (Hint: e ions can be cxidsed to become sulate lons, SOP) Retun the organic layer to the emply separating funnel. Add sodium solton (10%,20mL) and swirl well before fitting the stopper Fit the stopper and shake cautiously, making sure that excess pressure due to the ormation of carbon dioxide is regularly released. The sodium POST-LAB QUESTIONS any acid residues Allow the layers to settle, then separate the layers and retain the organic layer 1. If infrared spectra were obtained of be starting material and the product what would be the key feature(s) that indicate the reaction had proceede Wash the organic layer again with water (20 mL) to remove any remaining ions. (Hint obtain spectra from Blackboard and analyse) If NMR spectra were obtained of the starting matenal and the product, whet would be the key featurets) that indicabe tbhe reaction had proceeded Separate the aqueous and organic layers. Place the organic layer into a clesn, sty 100 mL. conical flask. Add drying agert ether arhydrous c drying agent and swirl again. Allow to stand for 5 minutes with the stopper fitted calcium carbonate or sodium sulfate, about 2 g) and stopper the fask Swirl gerdy for a few minutes and if the lquid is stil cloudy add a ittle more

Answer 1

The equation for formation of 1-Bromobutane is

CH₃(CH₂)₃OH + HBr $\rightleftharpoons$ CH₃(CH₂)Br + H₂O

We are starting with 22 mL of 1-Butanol.

Density of 1-Butanol=0.810 g/mL

Mass of 1-Butanol used= volume of 1-Butanol used * Density

= 22 mL * 0.810 g/mL

=17.82 g

No. of moles of 1-Butanol used= Mass of 1-Butanol used / Molar mass of 1-Butanol

=17.82 g /74 (g/mol)

= 0.2408 moles

From the balanced equation for formation of 1-Bromobutane from 1-Butanol , we see that 1 mole of 1-Butanol produces 1 mole of 1-Bromobutane.

Therefore, 0.2408 moles of 1-Butanol will produce  0.2408 moles of 1-Bromobutane.

Mass of  0.2408 moles of 1-Bromobutane=0.2408 moles * molar mass of  1-Bromobutane.

=0.2408 moles * 137 (g/mol)

= 32.9896 g

Therefore, expected mass of  1-Bromobutane  assuming 100% yeild = 32.9896 g