Question

Identify and briefly discuss each mechanism ensuring against simultaneous fatty acid synthesis and oxidation in the same cell.

Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.

• hydrolase
• acetyl-CoAs
• synthesis
• activates
• citrate
• pyruvate
• inhibits
• synthetase
• oxidation
• malonyl-CoA
• fatty acyl-CoAs
• carboxylase
• glucagon
• insulin

• A key intermediate in fatty acid synthesis,____, ______ carnitine acyltransferase I, thereby blocking the entry of fatty acyl units into the mitochondrion for oxidation.
• The substrates for fatty acid oxidation, _____ , inhibit fatty acid synthesis by interfering with the polymerization of acetyl-CoA _____ .
• Hormonal effects on adipocytes are opposed: ______ promotes fatty acid ______ by several mechanisms; _____ promotes fat breakdown and fatty acid ______ .

Answer 1

Malonyl CoA, mainly stops carnitine acyltransferase I, thereby blocks the entry of fatty acyl units into the mitochondrion for oxidation. It's refered to as a main intermediate in fatty acid synthesis.

• A key intermediate in fatty acid synthesis Malonyl CoA, inhibits carnitine acyltransferase I, thereby blocking the entry of fatty acyl units into the mitochondrion for oxidation.
• The substrates for fatty acid oxidation, Fatty acyl CoAs , inhibit fatty acid synthesis by interfering with the polymerization of acetyl-CoA carboxylase .
• Hormonal effects on adipocytes are opposed: Insulin promotes fatty acid synthesis by several mechanisms;Glucagon promotes fat breakdown and fatty acid Oxidation .