Question

A study was conducted to examine the impact of smoking bans in bars on the overall proportion of adults aged 21-35 who smoked. Different states enacted smoking bans at different times which allowed states with these smoking bans to be compared to states without these smoking bans. Information was taken from national surveys on the proportion of adults who smoked in each state and these data were compared between states with and without smoking bans. What type of study is this?

		Ecological Study
		Cross Sectional Study
		Case Control Study

Answer 1

The research study was conducted among different states regarding smoking bans and the states with out these smoking bans. The research study was done among the adults under age group of 21-35. The smoking ban was done by the states at different sets of times. Information was taken from national surveys.

The correct option is : Ecological study .

Ecological study is a kind of epidemiological study conducts on population or community. Study of large geographical regions and comparing one geographical regions with others is done under ecological study. Ecological study categorized under descriptive study. This study is easy to conduct,quick and cheap too.  The demerits includes there is no case control, lack of control, no variables.

The other options cross sectional study is done to determine to exposure to specific risk factors that contributes to disease. Ex) Exposure to second hand smoking and risk of lung cancer.

Case control study is type of observational study. A prospective study and retrospective study done under case control study. To identify link between tobacco and lung cancer.