Question

1. Answer the following questions about water, an important solvent in our body. a) Water is a solvent for many ions and molecules. Without being solvated, these ions and molecules woud not be able to take part in biochemical reactions necessary for life. Describe, in drawing OR words, the interactions of watsr mtoltruoe vikimi promoles b) Water is a polar solvent, while oil is a nonpolar solvent. Will a molecule like methanol (CH,OH) be more soluble in water or oil? Explain your reasoning. )The kidneys are essential for regulating the volume and composition of body fluids, mainly by regulating how much water and other compounds, like urea, are excreted. In a day, the typical adult will excrete 1.00 L of urine, which contains about 9.3 g of urea. Calculate the mass/volume percent (m/v) of urea in a urine solution d A red blood cell will hemolyze when placed in a solution of pure water. Explain this phenomenon. What is the name for the chemical process involved?

Answer 1

a) Due to the polarity of the water molecules, these can form electrostatic interactions with other polar molecules and with ions, the ions interact with the partially positive or partially negative parts of the water molecule, because the negative charges are attracted For the positive and inverse, when there are many more water molecules in relation to those of solute, as in an aqueous solution, these interactions form a spherical layer of water molecules around the solute, called the hydration layer. The hydration layers allow the uniform dispersion (distribution) of particles in the water.

b) Methanol is an organic molecule, due to its structure is a polar molecule, therefore it is easily soluble in water.

c) The percentage is calculated:

% m / v = solute mass * 100 / solvent volume = 9.3 g * 100/1000 mL = 0.93%

d) It is the phenomenon of disintegration of erythrocytes of the blood (red blood cells), in a hypotonic solution with respect to the erythrocyte, it passes through a state of turgor (it swells due to the excess of liquid) and then this cell explodes due to the Pressure. Water is a hypotonic solution.

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