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Hollow-cathode lamps emit light with very sharp linewidths. Which mechanisms are responsible for broadening atomic emiss...

Hollow-cathode lamps emit light with very sharp linewidths. Which mechanisms are responsible for broadening atomic emission line widths?

a) pressure broadening

b) ionization effect

c) matrix effect

d) Doppler effect

1. b&d

2. a&d

3. b&c&d

4. a&c&d

5. c&d

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6- Hallow-Cathode lamps emit light with very Sharp line widths which mechanism are delsponsible for bocwadning atomic emissio

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