Question

PREVIEW WORKSHEET FOR EXPERIMENT A "RADIOACTIVITY AND ABSORPTION OF RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES Fill-in-the-blank survey about some basic atomic and nuclear information. In the following fill in each blank with the appropriate word or number. You can get most of these answers by watching https://www.youtube.com/watch?v 1UhJL7o6_cA and the rest by Googling the topic. a) The three main building blocks of the atom are the protons the electnnsand the ns b) The rntons and the neutons are the two nuclear particles and, collectively, they are called nucieons c) The electmns is the extranuclear atomic particle and it is electrically charged two nuclcons, the proton e) The diameter of an atom is of the order of is electrically positive and the neutmn is electrically m and the diameter of a neutral 105 order of 10 m. It follows that the cross-sectional area of an atom is about sectional area of a nucleus. The atomic number of an atom denotes the number of protons denotes the number of elections _times the cross- f) in the nucleus; it also in the extranuclear structure of the atom 8) The atomic mass number denotes the number of nucleons in the nucleus of the atom. h) An atom denoted by ınX1" has 17 protons in its nucleus, 24 neutrons in its nucleus, and 17 electrons in its extra nuclear structure. ergs ofenergy or 10 _joules of energy. (Goule is the SI unit constructed from kg, m, and s. Erg is the'cgs' unit, constructed from g, cm, ands.) i) An MeV of energy means Million electron volts of energy k) The basic equation relating mass and its energy equivalence is emc Thiseq sequation is developed in what is generally called Einstein's theory of Relatimty D If I kilogram of mass is converted into energy, the amount of energy so produced is barrels joules,ergs, orkilowatt-hours, or of oil energy-equivalent. (I brrl. of oil energy equivalent is about 5.80 X 10° BTU. BTU is constructed in the 'British' system in the same way as calorie in SL.) m) The three radioactive particles commonly found in nature are called alpha particles, _beta particles, and_gamma particles n) The source of radioactive particles is the nucleus o) The radioactive particle called an alpha of the atom particle has the same structure as the nucleus of

Answer 1

i)One electron volt of energy is 1.602 x 10^-12 ergs of energy or 1.602 x 10^-19 Joules of energy.

l)If 1 kg of mass is converted into energy, the amount of energy so produced is 9 x 10^16 Joules, 9 x 10^23 Ergs, 2.5 x 10^10 Kilo-Watt-hours, 1.47 x 10^7 Barrels of oil energy -equivalent.

[E = mc^2 = 1 x (3 x 10^8)^2 = 9 x 10^16 J = 9 x 10^23 Ergs = 2.5 x 10^10 kWh

1 Brrl = 5.8 x 10^6 BTU

9 x 10^16 J = 8.53 x 10^13 BTU = 1.47 x 10^7 Brrl