Question

23. What are the names and formulas of the components of the principle buffer system of the blood? 24. What effect will the addition of a small amount of 0.10 M HI have on the pH of a buffer solution? Explain. 25. Is it possible to use the strong acid HCl and NaCl as components of a buffer system? Explain.

Answer 1

23)

Blood buffer system is bicarbonate buffer system

The components are

1. Bicorbonate : HCO₃^-

2. Carbonate : CO₃^2-

24)

An buffer is a combination of weak acid and its conjucate basr or weak base and its conjucate acid

examples

weak acid /conjucate base

acetic acid(CH3COOH) / acetate ( CH3COO^-)

Formic acid(HCOOH) / Formate (HCOO^-)

weak base / conjucate acid

ammonia(NH3)/ammonium ion (NH4⁺)

pyridine( C5H5N) / pyridonium(C5H5NH⁺)

HI is strong acid , as an acid it react with weak base or conjucate base

For example consider CH3COOH/CH3COO^- buffer system

HI reacts with conjucate base CH3COO^-

CH3COO^-(aq) + H⁺ ​​​​​(aq) -------> CH3COOH

so, the added H⁺ ions are consumed

Henderson- Hasselbalch equation gives pH of an buffer solution

pH = pKa + log([A^-]/[HA])

where ,

A^- : coniucate base or base  

HA : acid or conjucate acid

pKa : pKa of acid or conjucate acid

25)

An buffer system is combination of weak acid and its salt with strong base or weak base and its salt with strong acid

HCl is a strong acid and NaCl is salt of HCl with strong base

So, it is not possible to use HCl and NaCl as components of a buffer system.