Question

Pls, give a minimum of 400 words or more for your answer. And must be well-composed sentences and well paragraphed.

Describe the ways injuries are costly to society.

Answer 1

A common and often pociesful single measure of the burden of injury or illness is the sum of the con economic costs associated with the incidence or prevalence of a particular condition. In an incidence-based approach all new injuries that occur within a defined time period are identified and the costs associated with those injuries delineated. For example, lifetime costs can be calculated if that is the time from chosen to describing the long-term impact of those incident injuries . A prevalence based approach on the other hand, involves identifying all costs. associated with injury related consequences suffered in a given time frame. The costs are typically calculated for the same ped period of time used to define prevalence. These two approaches can lead to very different numbers. Their choice should be

dictated by the application at hand, although, in general cost figures derived to identify burden of injury and plan preventive strategies should use an incidence-based approach , whereas cost figures needed for health services planning should be prevalence based Developing cost estimates by using either approach is a labour intensive economic exercise that involves combining epidemiologic data on the number of units ine injuries or injured persons with economic data on the cost per unit. Development of the cost per unit involves many considerations the first relates to the conceptual framework used to quantify these cost, ie, whether to use a human capital of a contingent valuation approach. The human capital approach entails accounting for resources lost because of the injuries and assigning a monetary value to these losses. The monetan value is most commonly derived from market prices. some of these lost resources are commonly referred to as direct costs because they delate to resources spent and include for example provision of emergency medical services, emergenuj department care, fee to physicians and other health professionls and administrative cost related to processing insurance claims. In contrast, other resovaces are lost because they cannot be produced because of injuries. Ghese resources are known as indirect costs and paimaaily relate to productivity losses. Indirect costs commonly are substantially larger than direct costs.

Since the human capital approach accounts for resources spent & lost, whose resources are being considered is crucial to interpreting the results .This issue is known as perspective of the analysis , and even though government, insurers or employers could among others could be perfectly legitimate perspectives to use, it has been suggested that societal perspective always be included to provide a common framework from which to compare separate analysis -