Question

Mention the action of the common drugs used for fluid and electrolyte imbalances with 2examples for each.

Answer 1

Electrolyte are one of the most important thing in the body to function normally. Any alterations even in smaller variations  can lead to major changes.

The common drugs used in the treatment are fluids( oral or IV) and electrolyte replacement or electrolyte corrections. (Normal saline 0.9%, Lactated Ringer solution, Dextrose)

• Dehydration is loss of fluid volume in the body which decreases the function of all major system one by one if not treated at the right time.Normal saline is generally used because its osmolarity is similar to the body fluids.This enters the systemic circulation via osmotic transfusion in the blood cells thereby increasing the fluid volume about 1 litre of water is absorbed through GI tract in an hour when taken orally.
• When there is fluid volume deficiency it will lead to decreased mineral (sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium etc.,) content in the body which will alter the central nervous system. Usually Lactated Ringer solution which is a mixture of all minerals with fluids are administered to treat the patients effectively at the earliest.