Question

Clinical Trials and Research Ethics

1. What is the difference between an observational study and an experimental study?

2. Define confounding by indication.

3. How does randomization attempt to protect against confounding?

4. What are the ethical concerns related to the use of placebo treatment for the control group?

5. What is the difference between a treatment trial, a prevention trial, and a screening trial?

6. What does it mean for a clinical trial to be double-blinded?

7. What is the difference between health outcomes research and more traditional clinical trials?

8. What is the purpose of an informed consent document?

9. What information should be included in an informed consent document?

10. Why does the CDC not consider the collection of data to evaluate and improve a particular program to research?

Answer 1

1. Difference between an observational study and an experimental study.

Observational study	Experimental study
The researcher notices the individuals what is happening so far and the data is recorded.	The researcher purposely treats the individuals and their feedback is recorded.
Reason for the study is to have a elaborate account of a particular group or situation	Reason for the study is find out if the treatment given can change the condition positively.
Less soundness	More soundness
Need only less funds and time	Need more funds and time
Attains only limited amount of data	Continuous flow of data available
One time investigation	Consecutive investigation